PART VIII. PICTURESQUE PLANTING. 459 



3. Texture. 4. Colour. 5. Mode of Growth. 6. Smells. 

 7. Bark. 8. Buds. 9- Leaves. 10. Flowers. 11. Fruit. 

 \%. Roots. 13. Propagation. 14. Soils. 15. Situation. 16. Cul- 

 ture. 17. Pruning. 18. Transplanting. 19. Products. 

 20. Uses. 21. Relative Value. 22. Natural Character. 

 23. Accidental Character. 



1. With respect to magnitude, trees and shrubs are either very- 

 high, as the horse-chesnut and the larch, the cornelian cherry, 

 and the snowdrop tree ; or very low, as the mountain ash and 

 hemlock fir, the Scotch rose and the butcher's broom. Some 

 trees are very broad, in proportion to their height, as the oak 

 and the Spanish chesnut ; others are very narrow, as the larch 

 and the spruce fir. There is a medium between all these ex- 

 tremes, as the ash-leaved maple and the evergreen oak, the Vir- 

 ginian raspberry, and the Guelder rose. 



2. With respect to form, the different varieties may be in- 

 cluded under the following heads :— Apparently solid, being 

 thick with branches and foliage, as the horse-chesnut and the 

 English elm, the lilac and the syringo ; — light and airy, thin of 

 boughs and leaves, as the ash and the hoary poplar, the bird 

 cherry and the Canadian mespilus. There is a medial degree 

 between these two extremes, in the broad-leaved euonymus and 



