88 



THE AMERICAN NATURALIST 



[Vol. L 



tures of the orbit are present, though the eyeball is com- 

 pletely wanting. 



Not only are the above congenital eye defects present, 

 but in several instances members of the alcoholic lines 

 have become blind during the first year or year and a half 

 after birth, whereas in our control this has never oc- 

 curred. 



The several illustrations referred to above show speci- 

 mens exhibiting these various defects. Figs. 1, 2 and 4 

 of Plates I and II are photographs of animals of indi- 

 cated lineage which show paralytic conditions. Figs. 4 

 and 5 illustrate defective extremities. Figs. 1 to 3 show 

 various degrees of defective eyes and absence of eyeball. 



It is peculiarly interesting to find these particular eye 

 conditions exhibited by the descendants of alcoholized 

 animals, since, as Stockard ( '10) has previously shown, 

 closely similar eye conditions are obtained in great num- 

 bers by directly treating the eggs of fish with solutions 

 of alcohol; and like conditions were also obtained, though 

 not so consistently, by treating hens' eggs ('14) with al- 

 cohol fumes either before or during incubation. 



The table just considered gives only a general idea of 

 the experiment and is in no way analytical. We shall 

 now attempt to analyze these data in such a manner as to 

 determine the influence of internal factors, as, for exam- 

 ple, inbreeding on the results. The influence of the size of 

 the litter on the quality of the offspring. The behavior of 

 F x and F 2 individuals derived from different lines, and 

 whether there is a difference in the effects on male and 

 female animals, and the manner of transmission of these 



