No. 591] TRANSMISSION OF DEGENERACY 149 



from litters of two, which are in turn better than the mem- 

 bers of the litters of three individuals. Only 2.25 per 

 cent, of the 84 individuals born in litters of one were de- 

 formed. While 9 of the 214 individuals born two in a 

 litter, or 4.2 per cent., almost twice as many, were de- 

 formed. And 10 of the 87 animals born three in a litter 

 were deformed, or about 11.5 per cent., which is almost 

 five times higher than the number of deformities found 

 among the animals born in litters of single individuals. 

 Among the descendants of alcoholic non-relatives there 

 was in all 5.23 per cent, of deformed specimens, whereas 

 not one deformed animal arose from similar normal 

 matings. 



The last space of this column indicates the number of 

 dwarf or undersize animals produced in the different lit- 

 ters from non-related alcoholic lines. Among the 84 ani- 

 mals born one in a litter only a single individual was of 

 unusually small size. The 214 animals born in litters of 

 two were all of average size except four, or stated exactly, 

 1.86 per cent, of them were undersize. In the litters of 

 three 3.44 per cent, of the animals were small, while 12.5 

 per cent, of the members of litters of four were small 

 specimens. Here again it is shown that the members of 

 large litters are not so uniformly up to the standard of 

 size and vigor as animals born in litters of only one or 

 two individuals. 



The third vertical column gives a similar analysis of 

 the few normal inbred individuals which have been pro- 

 duced during the time of the experiment. There are not 

 many such matings, as a general effort has been made to 

 avoid inbreeding the control animals since this might be 

 considered to vitiate the results. 



The few young produced by inbred normal matings have 

 all been in litters of only one or two offspring, so that 

 the size of the litters averages only 1.43 individuals. The 

 size of the litters is, therefore, smaller than from either 

 the non-related normal or alcoholic animals. Eighty per 

 cent, of the young have survived, more, however, from the 



