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THE AMEBIC AN NATURALIST [Vol. L 



normal. Therefore, proportionally, the male offspring 

 from treated mothers have more injured chromatin in 

 their entire bodily make up than do the female offspring, 

 and are comparatively in a more abnormal condition. 



Another explanation of these differences between the 

 male and female offspring of alcoholized females could be 

 based on the possibility of the female being heterozygous 

 for sex. This involves a very complex discussion, but one 

 for which there is some ground on the basis of the regu- 

 lation of the sex ratio in these animals. 



Finally, then, the experiments show the hereditary 

 transmission through several generations of conditions 

 resulting from an artificially induced change in the germ 

 cells of one generation. And they furnish data of im- 

 portance bearing upon the pathological behavior of the 

 carriers of heredity as well as the differences in behavior 

 between the two types of germ cells produced by an ani- 

 mal carrying heteromorphic chromosomes. 



LITERATURE CITED 

 Bardeen, C. R. 1907. Abnormal Development of Toad Ova Fertilized by 

 Spermatozoa Exposed to the Roentgen Rays. J. Exp. Zool., 

 IV, p. L 



Cole, L. J., and Davis, C. L. 1914. The Effect of Alcohol on the Male 

 Germ Cells, Studied by Means of Double Matings. Science, 

 N. S., 39, p. 476. 



ter Samenfaden auf die tierische Entwicklung. Arch. f. Mikr. 

 Anat., 82, Abt. H. 



Morgan, T. H. 1909. A Biological and Cytological Study of Sex Deter- 

 mination in Phylloxerans and Aphids. J. Exp. Zool, VII, 

 p. 239. 



1912. The Elimination of the Sex Chromosomes from the Male-pro- 

 ducing Egg of Phylloxerans. J. Exp. Zool, XII. 

 1910 to 1915. Numerous Studies on Inheritance in Drosophila. J. Exp. 

 Zool, Biol. Bulletin, Am. Nat., etc. 

 Papanicolaou, George. 1915. Sex Determination and Sex Control in 



Guinea Pigs. Science, N. S., 41, p. 401. 

 Stevens, N. M. 1911. Heterochromosomes in the Guinea Pig. Biol. Bull, 

 XXI, p. 155. 



Stockard, C. R. 1910. The Influence of Alcohol and Other Anesthetics on 

 Embryonic Development. Am. J. Anat., 10, p. 369. 

 1912. An Experimental Study of Racial Degeneration in Mammals 

 Treated with Alcohol. Arch. Internal Med., X. 



