No. 593] SHORTER ARTICLES AND DISCUSSION 



310 



those on the animals from Morgantown. This was true of nearly 

 but not quite all of the animals obtained from the north. 

 Cope says : 2 



On each side of the vertebral line is a row of from three to six small 

 round red spots, each with a black border. The rest of the surface is 

 marked with small black points, which are smaller but more distinct 

 on the lower surface. 



Among all of the animals examined no two were spotted alike. 



They were sorted into groups according to the total number of 

 red spots. The smallest number of red spots found was six ; they 

 were all of large size and arranged as shown in Fig. 1 ; only one 

 animal with this number of spots was found. 



Four animals were found that had seven red spots ; Figs. 2 and 

 3 show the arrangement of the spots on two of these animals; all 

 of the spots were large and of about the same size. 



Four animals exhibited eight red spots, mostly large and of 

 uniform size ; two arrangements are shown in Figs. 4 and 5. 



Three animals had nine red spots each, mostly large and of 

 uniform size ; Figs. 6 and 7 show two arrangements of these spots. 



Seven animals had ten red spots each, this being the largest 

 number of animals found in any group. The spots were mostly 

 large and uniform in size ; two arrangements are shown in Figs. 

 8 and 9. It will be noticed that in Fig. 8 the spots are arranged 

 in fairly regular pairs. 



Five animals had eleven red spots of somewhat more variable 

 size than in the preceding. Figs. 10 and 11 show two arrange- 

 ments of these spots ; and Fig. 10, especially, shows wide varia- 

 tions in the size of the spots. 



Three animals exhibited twelve red spots of variable size, two 

 arrangements of which are shown in Figs. 12 and 13. 



Two animals, shown in Figs. 14 and 15, exhibited thirteen red 

 spots of various sizes. 



Two animals had fourteen red spots; one of these animals is 

 shown in Fig. 16. 



Figs. 17, 18, 19 and 20 show the arrangements of red spots on 

 four animals that had 15, 24, 29 and 39 spots, respectively. It 

 will be noticed in these animals, especially in the last, that the 

 large number of red spots is due to an increase in the number of 

 very small spots, the number of large red spots being no greater 

 than in the earlier individuals. Thirty-nine was the largest num- 

 2 Cope, E. D., "The Batraehia of North America," Bull. V. S. Nat. 

 Mus., No. 34, 1889, p. 210. 



