CONTENTS 



Part I. — Introductory 



Definition of Deer 

 Antlers 



Other Structural Features 



Classification 



Distribution 



Habits 



Economic Uses 



i 



5 

 1 1 



16 



22 

 2 7 

 30 



Part II. — Descriptive 



A. The True Deer — Sub-Family Cervince . 



I. Reindeer — Genus Rangifer 



The Reindeer, or Caribou — Rangifer tarandus 

 a. Scandinavian Race — Rangifer tarandus typicus 

 h. Spitsbergen Race — Rangifer tarandus spetzbergensis 



c. Woodland Race — Rangifer tarandus caribou 



d. Newfoundland Race — Rangifer tarandus terrte-novcs 



e. Greenland Race — Rangifer tarandus grcenlandicus 



f. Barren-Ground Race — Rangifer tarandus arcticus 



II. Elk — Genus Alces ........ 49 



1. The Elk, or Moose — Alces machlis ..... 52 



2. Johnson's Elk — Alces latifrons (extinct) ..... 59 



3. Scott's Elk — Alces scotti (extinct) ..... 60 



III. The Typical Deer — Genus Cervus . . . . .61 



i. The Red Deer, or Elaphine Group — Sub-Genus Cervus ... 62 



1. The Red Deer — Cervus elaphus ..... 64 



a. European Race — Cervus elaphus typicus .... 65 



b. Corsican Race — Cervus elaphus corsicanus .... 74 



c. North African Race — Cervus elaphus barbarus ... 74 



d. Caspian Race — Cervus elaphus maral ..... 75 



3 2 



33 

 37 

 38 

 4 1 

 42 

 45 

 47 

 47 



