Hangul 85 



stated to persist till the third or fourth year, instead of more or less completely 

 disappearing during the first year, as in the typical race of the red deer. 

 Cry of male in the breeding-season a loud prolonged squeal, like that of the 

 wapiti. 



Although differing by its short tail and the slight development of the 

 rufous tinge in the summer pelage, this very well-marked species presents 

 a decided approach to the sikas in the comparatively simple form of the 

 antlers, the long persistence of the spots, and the, at least frequent, slight 

 extent of the light caudal area, in which the dark marginal streak down the 

 thigh is precisely similar to the sikine type. The distance by which the 

 brow-tine is separated from the burr does not seem to have been previously 

 noticed as a point of distinction between this species and the red deer, although 

 it is a very marked one, the interval being sometimes fully an inch and a 

 half in length. 



Distribution. — Kashmir and Yarkand. 



a. Kashmir Race — Cervus cashmirianus typicus 



Characters. — The terminal or fifth tines of the antlers so much curved 

 inwards as to be separated only by a very small interval. The coloration 

 of the pelage is that described above. 



Further information is required as to the degree of development of the 

 light caudal disk. Mr. Blanford, who apparently describes it as well 

 developed, writes as follows : — " In Sclater's figure, from an animal in the 

 Zoological Gardens, there is no caudal disk ; the tail is dark brown above, 

 pale below, and only the buttocks pale rufous. Whether this is due to 

 variation in colouring or to age, it is impossible to say, but a skin from the 

 Zoological Gardens, now in the British Museum, agrees with the figure." 

 It is this skin which forms the subject of plate iv. In the original de- 

 scription given on page 577 of the first volume of Falconer's Palceonto- 

 logical Memoirs the following words are used, viz. : — " Hind aspect of 

 the buttocks marked by a very well-defined patch of white, running up to 

 and terminating at the angle of junction of the tail, and pursuing down on 

 the inside of the buttocks towards the thighs ; no disk of white on the 

 rump." As this description accords precisely with the two specimens 

 noticed above, it is evident that the slight development of the light caudal 



