86 Elaphine Group 



area is at least a very frequent characteristic of the species. It may be 

 added that the passage quoted refers to a female, but on page 576 of the 

 same work the absence of a caudal disk is also noted in the male, of which 

 several examples are described. 



The following are the dimensions of some of the largest antlers re- 

 corded by Mr. Rowland Ward : — 



Length on 

 Outside Curve. 



Basal 

 Circumference. 



l ip to Tip. 



Widest inside. 



Number of 

 Points. 



48 



? 



? 



? 



? 



47 



? 



? 



? 



? 



47 



71 



21 



36 



7-5 



47 





30 



35§ 



8-8 



45s 



8 



35 



4 1 



6-6 



451 



6 





36 



8-8 



45 



6f 



l 9 



34 



6-6 



44i 



7 



20 



43 



5-5 



44$ 



H 



34 



44| 



5-5 



44 



7i 



3°| 



4o| 



5-5 



44 



6 



27 



36 



5-5 



Colonel J. G. Allan sends me the following dimensions of a remarkably 

 symmetrical pair of antlers, with six tines on each side, shot by himself in 

 Kashmir. Outside length of right antler 45 inches, of left 44^; extreme 

 inside width, 37 ; outside span, 42 ; maximum distance between points, 52 

 inches. 



Distribution. — The valley of Kashmir and some of the neighbouring 

 valleys, such as Maru-Wardwan, Kishtwar, Badrawar, and Tilel ; west- 

 ward limits unknown. In summer hangul are found at elevations of from 

 9000 to 12,000 feet, but in winter descend to the level of the Walar 

 Lake, at about 5000 feet above the sea. 



Habits. — After stating that by the end of March all the old stags and 

 most of the young ones have shed their antlers, Colonel R. J. Percy 1 

 writes as follows concerning the migrations of the hangul :— "The deer 

 collect into large herds and begin moving off to their summer quarters, 

 those in the western corner of the valley (of Kashmir) going to the banks 



1 Badminton Library, Big Game Shooting, vol. ii. p. 277. Some emendations in the spelling of 

 place-names arc made in the quotation. 



