Chital 



179 



sambar, only with less aggressiveness, and without such constant dilata- 

 tion of the face-glands, which are much smaller than in the latter. 

 The species has bred both in the London Zoological Gardens and at 

 Woburn Abbey. 



7. The Chital, or Indian Spotted Deer — Cervus axis 



Cervus axis, Erxleben, Syst. Regn. Animal, p. 3 1 2 (1777) ; Brooke, Proc. 

 Zoo/. Soc. 1878, p. 906 ; W. L. Sclater, Cat. Mamm. Ind. Mi/s. part ii. 

 p. 181 ( 1 89 1 ) ; Blanford, Fauna Brit. India — Mamm. p. 546 ( 1 89 1 ) ; Ward, 

 Records of Big Game, p. 18 (1896). 



Cervus [Axis) axis, H. Smith, in Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. iv. 

 p. 1 17, v. p. 312 (1 827). 



Cervus axis ceylonensis, H. Smith, op. cit. vol. v. p. 786 (1827). 



Cervus nudipalpebra, Ogilby, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1831, p. 136. 



Axis major and minor, Hodgson, Joum. As. Soc. Bengal, vol. x. p. 941 

 (1841). 



Axis ma cu lata, Gray, List Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 178 (1843), Cat. Ungulata 

 Brit. Mus. p. 212 (1852), Cat. Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 80 (1872) ; Fitzinger, 

 SB. Ak. Wien, vol. lxx. part i. p. 264 (1874). 



Cervus (Hippelaplius) axis, Sundevall, K. Svenska Vet. Ak. Hand I. for 1844, 

 p. 180 (1846). 



Axis maculatus, Jerdon, Mamm. India, p. 260 (1867) ; Sterndale, Mamm. 

 India, p. 506 (1884). 



Axis maculata ceylonensis, Fitzinger, SB. Ak. Wien, vol. lxx. part i. p. 269 



(1874)- 



Axis nudipalpebra, Fitzinger, op. cit. p. 270 (1874). 

 Hyelaphus maculatus, Fitzinger, op. cit. 259 (1874). 



Plate XIII 



Characters. — distinguished from all the other members of the group, 

 except the Philippine spotted deer, by the pelage being profusely spotted 

 with white at all seasons and at all ages. Size medium, the height at the 

 shoulder varying from 36 to 38 inches ; build light and slender, with the 

 legs long. Colour of pelage bright rufous fawn, spotted all over the body 

 with white ; a dark stripe running from the nape of the neck to the 



