196 Rucervine Group 



Cervus (Rusa) frontalis, M'Clelland, Calcutta Journ. Nat. Hist. vol. iii. 

 P- 539 (1843). 



Panolia acuticornis, Gray, List Mamm. Brit. Mas. p. 180 (1843). 



Cervus Ixratus, Schinz, Synopsis Mamm. vol. ii. p. 395 (1845). 



Dama acuticornis^ Reichenbach, Naturgesch. Saugethkre, vol. iii. p. 16 



(1845). 



Cervus (Hippe/ap/ius) frontalis, Sundevall, K. Vet. Ak. Hand/, for 1845, 

 p. 320 (1847). 



Panolia eedii, Gray, List Ostcol. Brit. Mas. p. 66 (1847). 



Panolia e/dii, Gray, Cat. Vngulata Brit. Mas. p. 202 (1852), Cat. 

 Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 75 (1872), Hand-list Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 144 

 (1873) ; Swinhoe, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1869, p. 652 ; Sterndale, Mamm. India, 

 p. 511 (1884). 



Cervus t'/di, Beevan, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1867, p. 759 ; Sclater, Trans. Zool. 

 Soc. vol. vii. p. 348 ( 1 87 1 ) ; Brooke, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1878, p. 906 ; W. L. 

 Sclater, Cat. Mamm. Ind. Mus. part ii. p. 180 ( 1 89 1 ) ; Blanford, Fauna Brit. 

 India — Mamm. p. 541 ( 1 89 1 ) ; Evans, "Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. vol. ix. 

 p. 326 (1895) ; Ward, Records of Big Game, p. 16 (1896). 



Panolia frontalis, Fitzinger, SB. Ak. Wien, vol. lxviii. part i. p. 352 (1 873), 

 lxix. part i. p. 592 (1874). 



Rucervus eldi, Garrod, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1 877, p. 1 7. 



Characters. — Height at shoulder about 3 feet 9 inches, hair very coarse, 

 shaggy in winter, and much elongated and thickened about the neck in the 

 males. Antlers rounded and rugose, with a long curved brow-tine, forming 

 a continuation of the curve of the beam, which is set at right angles to the 

 pedicle ; the beam unbranched for a considerable distance, curving back- 

 wards, then outwards and finally forwards, after which it is dichotomously 

 forked ; the outer branch of the terminal fork more complex than the inner 

 one, the number of terminal points varying from two or three to at least 

 eight or ten ; one or more prominent snags usually developed at the junction 

 of the brow-tine with the beam ; the curve of the two antlers usually more 

 or less unsymmetrical. Colour of winter pelage of males typically dark 

 brown on the upper-parts, and white on the under-parts, sometimes with a 

 white mark above the eye ; in winter fawn-coloured above and pale brown 

 beneath ; the winter fringe on the neck much darker, and sometimes with 

 a white gorget ; does paler rufous fawn, and the very young generally 



