278 American Deer 



pair belonged to a fully adult animal, killed at Black Butte, on the Colorado 

 Desert near the mud-geysers, Lower California. This was one of six 

 killed during the winter of 1893-94. The beam is unusually stout ; the 

 antlers being doubly dichotomous. 



Distribution. — Western Desert Tract of the Mexican border of the 

 United States. 



5. The Black-tailed Deer — Mazama Columbiana 



Cervus macrotis, var. columbianus, Richardson, Fauna Bor. Amer. p. 257 

 (1829). 



Cervus lewisii, Peale, Mamm. U. S. Explor. Exped. p. 39 (1848). 



Cervus richardsonii, Audubon and Bachman, Quadrupeds of N. America, 

 vol. ii. p. 211 (1853). 



Cariacus pu net ulatus, Gray, Proc. Zoo I. Soc. 1850, p. 239, Cat. Ungu/ata 

 Brit. Mus. p. 232 (1852). 



Cervus columbianus, Baird, N. Amer. Mammals, p. 659 (1857) '■> Gaton, 

 Antelope and Deer of America, p. 96 (1877). 



Eucervus columbianus, Gray, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, vol. xviii. 

 p. 388 (1866), Cat. Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 86 (1872), Hand-list Ruminants 

 Brit. Mus. p. 157 (1873). 



Otelaphus riehardsonii, Fitzinger, SB. Ak. Wien, vol. lxviii. part i. p. 357 

 (1873), lxxviii. part i. p. 308 (1879). 



Reduncina punctulata, Fitzinger, op. cit. lxviii. part i. p. 357 (1873). 



Cariacus columbianus, Brooke, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1878, p. 921. 



Otelaphus punctulatus, Fitzinger, SB. Ak. Wien, vol. lxxviii. part i. 

 p. 307 (1879). 



Cariacus macrotis columbianus, Ward, Records of Big Game, p. 60 (1896). 



Dorcelaphus columbianus, Mearns, Proc. U. S. Mus. vol. xx. p. 468 (1897). 



Characters. — Smaller than the mule-deer, with relatively shorter ears 

 and finer hair, especially distinguished by the shorter metatarsal gland and 

 tuft, which occupy a considerable portion of the upper half of the seg- 

 ment of the cannon-bone, and also by the greater portion of the tail being 

 black, with only the basal third of the lower surface white. General 

 colour of pelage of upper-parts in winter speckled tawny brownish gray, the 

 individual hairs being dark brown for the greater part of their length, but 



