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improved in this way. Tapioca carts stopped on the way out of 

 the State to weigh the tapioca and pay export duty, with the re- 

 sult that the bullocks had an hour or two run, during which they 

 grazed, and their grazing ground, which was originally lalang, 

 gradually changed its character and grew good grass instead. What 

 is required is that each State should start a herd of cows, chiefly 

 the hardy, small cattle native to the country, called variously Siamese 

 and Kelantan cattle, this herd should be gradually improved by the 

 introduction of larger animals from the tropical parts of Australia, 

 larger cows should be purchased into the herd not bulls ; the delicate 

 white Indian cattle are not at all suitable to the country, they cost 

 too much to keep and are very susceptible to disease, whereas the 

 native cattle, like the Australian, live on grass only. A herd of 

 twenty-live cows and two bulls in each State, managed on the lines 

 that all heifer calves should be retained in the herd and all steers 

 sold, would, in a few years' time, do much to improve the grazing 

 grounds and cheapen transport. Of course there is the risk of loss 

 by disease, but surely Government is better able to bear that than 

 private individuals ; and private enterprise in this direction will do 

 very little towards improving the stock. What it will do is easily 

 seen by the example of the Wardieburn herd, in which the intro- 

 duction of one larger cow with a strain of Ayrshire blood in her, 

 some few years ago, has made a distinct mark on the appearance 

 of the herd. 



10. There are many other points which might be enlarged upon, 

 as, for instance, the erection of Government rice mills in the centre 

 of large padi districts, like Rembau and Krian. 



11. Experimental Work and the Starting of a Factory for the 

 Extraction of Essential Oils and Perfumes. — [ believe there is a 

 business at Tampin, started some years ago, which is doing very 

 well still, growing citronella grass and extracting the essential oil 

 by purely native processes ; it is needless to point out that such an 

 industry would be very grateful for Government assistance, on the 

 lines of information as to best modes of extraction and by introduc- 

 ing other and unknown sources from which to extract oils, essential 

 oils and perfumes. 



12. Attempts have been made to distil a spirit from the waste 

 product of the tapioca factories ; but they have not succeeded, in- 

 vestigation and experiments in this matter might be useful ; and 

 the encouragement of sago palm cultivation is, I think, of very 

 great importance, because it is a way of utilising the great areas of 

 country now quite useless as swamp, and sago ataps will always 

 fetch a big price. 



13. I have written at length on three subjects only and merely 

 mentioned others, but it is obvious that many other industries could 

 on the same lines be encouraged, and I have no doubt will be, when 

 a Board of Agriculture is started. 



14. Mr. ARDEN has shown the necessity for some such asiss- 

 tance and has suggested a way in which it could he given, for my 



