265 



The difference between here and there will then become more 

 evident. 



'I he cotton culture of North America covers an area 24 longitude 

 and 15 latitude degrees, giving an area of more than 1.56 million 

 square milimetres or more than 1 j 3 of the United States or three 

 times the size of the German Empire. It has a population of more 

 than 8,000,000 whites and more than 5,000,000 natives, a total of 

 about 13,000,000 of which each 100 produce 53 bales of cotton, or 

 250 lbs. of fibre per head. 



The Mississippi River divides the cotton country into nearly two 

 halves, lying east and westwards of it. 



The ground on which cotton is grown is determined according 

 to the geological state or condition. Accordingly the country is 

 divided in the following: The Pine Levels; The Pine Hills; The 

 Metamorphic or Piedmont Territory; The Sand Hills ; The Prairie 

 Territory; The Oak and Hickory Territory; The Bluff and Brown 

 Table Lands; The Alluvial Territory ; The Valley Territory ; and 

 The Alpine Territory. 



The Pine-Levels, stretch from the Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf 

 of Mexico, from 50-150 miles landwards and attain a height of 200 

 feet above the sea-level, covering an area of 19,000.000 bouws, of 

 which 44 % consist of cotton land. The production is from 26 to 

 32 % of the total. 



The average size of a cotton farm is 68 bouws , but the farms 

 here are larger being 110 bouws. 



Of these farms about 69% are worked by their owners while the 

 remainder are let out. The tilling of the land here is easy, for 21 

 bouws, one requires only I draught animal while on the average 

 one animal is necessary for 12.5 bouws. 



Three bales (1,500 lbs.) are produced by each animal (which is 

 high as this number is put to 2.1 bales for each animal, for the 

 whole territory. The soil of this territory has the greatest need of 

 proper irrigation. On these lands, the Sea-Island cotton, in South 

 Carolina and Georgia, is grown. 



The Pine- Hi Us, border on the Northern boundaries of the Pine- 

 Levels, attaining a height from 200-400 feet above sea-level. They 

 cover an area of 22,30 ), 000 bouws of which 58% is cultivated land, 

 yielding a product of 15% towards the total. In Georgia and South 

 Carolina mules are used lor the work, but in Missisippi, Louisiana 

 and Texas where Europeans arc predominant horses arc employed. 

 Here 19 bouws require one animal. 



The Metamorphic or Piedmont Territory, borders on the northern 

 bounds of the Pine Hills, passing through North Carolina, South 

 Carolina Georgia and Alabama. It covers an area of i8,8jo,ooo 

 bouws of which only ten percent are cultivated with cotton, its 

 product adding 16.8% to the total. The smallest farms have an 

 area of 30 bouws and are 40% of all the farms. Here they count 

 20 bouws to one animal, with an average production of 3.7 bales. 

 The value of one bouw of land is f$y. The cost of producing a 

 pound of cotton is 17 cts. 



Between the Piedmont territory and the Pine Hills lie the Sand 



