42 



MESSES VAUX AND HOGG. 



actions of the Royal Society of Literature, vol. 

 viii., New Series), treats of exploration up the 

 river, beginning from the Ionian colony, estab- 

 lished in the upper river by Psarnmetichus (circa 

 a.c. 600), and extending to the present day. 

 The learned article by Mr John Hogg, ' On some 

 old Maps of Africa, in which certain of the Cen- 

 tral and Equatorial Lakes are laid down in 

 nearly their true positions,' 1 (Transactions of the 



1 In 1859 I had written (Journal Royal Geographical 

 Society, vol. xxix. 272) ' The Nyanza, as regards name, posi- 

 tion, and even existence, has hitherto been unknown to 

 European geographers; but descriptions of this "sea" by 

 native travellers have been unconsciously transferred by our 

 writers to the Tanganyika of Ujiji, and even to the Nyassa of 

 Kilwa.' Mr Hogg proposes to show that such was not the 

 case. But the map by John Senex (1711) throws into one 

 three or at least two waters. Mercator (KaufFman) lays the 

 ' Garava ' lakelet almost parallel with the Zaflan (Zambeze) 

 or Kilwa Lake. "Walker (1811) and Lizars (1815) fit in the 

 Tanganyika correctly, whilst the Nyassa is wholly incorrect. 



Of the five maps one only, that of John Senex, deserves 

 consideration. ' This great lake placed here by report of 

 the negroes,' alludes, I believe, to legends of the Bahari-ngo 

 (the 'great sea,' vulgarly, Baringo), of which many East 

 African travellers have heard. One Eumu wa Kikandi, a 

 native of Uemba, described the water to Dr Krapf as lying 

 five days' journey from Mount Kenia : in the Introduction to 

 his last travels (p. xlviii.), however, the enterprising mission- 

 ary identifies it with the so-called JNyanza or Ukerewe Lake. I 

 was told of it by the Wakainba at Mombasah in 1857. The 

 Pere Leon d'Avanchers (Bulletin de la Societe de Geographic, 

 vol. xvii. 164) also collected, when travelling on the East 

 African coast, in August, 1858, information concerning Baha- 



