Order  V.  GALLING  L»* 
contains  the  game  birds,  which  have  the  Tarsi  lengthened,  robust,  and  sometimes  armed  with  a  spur 
or  spurs  ;  the  Toes  more  or  less  lengthened,  but  always  connected  at  their  base  by  a  membrane ;  the 
hind  toe  more  or  less  developed,  and  when  present  more  or  less  elevated  from  the  ground. 
The  first  Family, 
CRACIDiE,  or  Curassows, 
have  the  Bill  moderate,  of  various  forms,  with  the  culmen  more  or  less  arched  to  the  tip  ;  the  nostrils 
basal,  lateral,  and  exposed ;  the  Wings  short  and  much  rounded  ;  the  Tail  lengthened  and  very  broad ; 
the  Tarsi  lengthened  and  robust  ;  with  the  Toes  lengthened,  and  more  or  less  slender,  and  the  hind  toe 
long  and  placed  on  the  same  plane  with  the  others. 
The  first  Subfamily, 
PENELOPINiE,  or  Guans, 
have  the  Bill  moderate,  weak,  slender,  longer  than  high,  with  the  culmen  at  the  base  straight,  and  then 
vaulted  to  the  tip ;  the  nostrils  large,  covered  with  a  membrane,  and  the  opening  large,  anterior,  and 
ovate ;  the  sides  of  the  head  and  throat  more  or  less  naked. 
Ortalida  Merr.f 
Bill  shorter  than  the  head,  broad  at  the  base,  and  laterally  compressed  to  the  tip,  with  the  culmen 
nearly  straight  to  the  front  of  the  nostrils,  and  then  arched  to  the  tip  ;  the  nostrils  lateral,  placed  in  a 
large  groove,  which  is  covered  for  two  thirds  with  a  thin  membrane,  with  the  opening  large,  anterior,  and 
ovate.  Wings  short  and  much  rounded,  with  the  fourth  to  the  sixth  quills  the  longest,  the  first  series  of 
quills  having  the  webs  broad  to  the  ends.  Tail  lengthened,  very  broad  and  rounded  at  its  end.  Tarsi 
about  the  length  of  the  middle  toe,  rather  slender.  Toes  lengthened  and  slender,  the  lateral  ones 
equal ;  the  hind  toe  long,  on  the  same  plane  with  the  others ;  and  the  claws  short  and  curved.  The 
head  and  throat  plumed,  or  with  the  cheeks  and  two  narrow  streaks  below  the  lower  mandible  naked. 
The  birds  of  this  and  of  the  following  division  are  only  found  in  the  warmer  parts  of  South  America.  They  mostly 
reside  upon  the  trees  of  the  vast  forests  of  the  interior,  near  the  tops  of  which  they  perch  during  the  heat  of  the  day  ; 
*  Or  the  Rasores  of  Illiger. 
t  This  genus  was  established  (1786)  by  Merrem,  in  Av.  rar.  Icones  et  De*c>:  fas.  2.  p.  40.;  and  it  embraces  Chameepetes  of  Wagler  (1832). 
