8 



THE FLOWER GROWERS GUIDE. 



GENERAL AEEANGEMENT OF PLANTS. 



Division I. 



COMPEISES ALL FLOWERING AND FRUITING PLANTS, WHICH ARE CALLED PHANEROGAMS. 



SECTION I. 

 Dicotyledons, or Exogens. 

 These have two seed-leaves, or cotyledons ; netted 

 veins in tlieir leaves, grow outwardly. 



Monocotyledons, or Endogens. 

 These have one seed-leaf, or cotyledon, only ; long 

 and narrow straight- veined leaves, grow inwardly. 



SECTION II. 



Division II. 



Comprises all Floweeless Plants, or Cryptogams. 



In tills division are all Ferns and their allies, Selaginella*, Mosses, Seaweeds, and all kinds of Fungi, including 

 Mushrooms. 



' Now, ill tlic lirst group you will find mo.st of the ordinary plants grown in gardens 

 for use or ornament ; while the second group includes plants that never bear flowers 

 or fruits in the ordinary way, such as ferns and lycopods, mushrooms and toadstools, 

 all the fungoid garden pests, such as those which attack the grape-vine, potato, and 

 tomato " diseases '' ; and, lastly, the bacterial earth organisms belong to this group 

 — the ahnost invisible and countless inhabitants of all good and well-cultivated soils. 



We V ill now proceed a stej) further, and point out that the great Division I. of 

 the floweriug and fruiting plants is again subdivided into two smaller groups or 

 sections : the one having broad leaves, with netted or branching veins, and their seeds 

 produce two seed-leaves, or cotyledons, when they germinate ; hence the plants with 

 netted leaf- venation and two seed-leaves are called Dicotyledons {di = i\;o\ cof/jledons. 

 = seed-l<?aves ). This same group is also called Exogenous [cx= out; gcnoiis = grow- 

 ing), because their growth, or the addition of new material, takes place between the 

 wood and the bark, i.e. outside the stem. 



The second subdivision of Group L, or flowering plants, has leaves generally very 

 much longer than tliey are broad, with straight, or unbrancbed, veins ; the cotyledon of 

 the grovring seed is solitary, i.e. one onl}', and the growth, or addition of new matter 

 takes place in the centre of the stem, instead of the outside. This group is called 

 Monocotyledonous {mono = one ; cotyledon = seed-leaf), or Endogenous {endo = 

 inside ; yeno = generated, or growing). 



Division I. — Eloweeing Plants. 



