ORNAMENTAL TREES AND SHRUBS. 



lyrOT till four or five years after a landscape gardener has done his work in stocking 

 the surroundings with trees and shrubs, can a residence be considered thoroughly 

 enjoyable. 



It is true that where "Money is no object" large forest trees and conifers can be 

 transplanted, with tons of soil about the roots, by the aid of machines provided for 

 the purpose, but the majority of persons rely on young trees for producing the 

 desired effect. Fortunately these make rapid progress when they are well planted in 

 good soil, also staked, pruned, and receive otherwise good cultural attention. See pages 

 50 to GO. 



Some kinds of trees are more rapid in growth than others, but are not of such value 

 as many of those which make slower progress. For instance, the Lombardy and other 

 poplars quickly afford shelter and form screens, but with such trees should be associated 

 the slower-growing oak, elm, beech, birch, chestnut, or lime, cutting away the poplars 

 as room is wanted for the others. In like manner, the commoner free-growing flowering 

 trees, shrubs and conifers, should be arranged as advised in the chapters on Suburban 

 and Country Gardens, with a view to producing an early effect, while the choicer 

 kinds attain to an ornamental size. 



Avenues and Screen Trees. 

 Avenues are principally found in connection with j)ublic parks and extensive private 

 grounds. To be effective they should lead up to, or away from a residence or other 

 important structure. If an avenue enclose a comparatively short drive, a somewhat 

 winding course may be advisable, but if it pass through a large demesne, from the front 

 of a noble building, such as Windsor Castle, Badminton, Elvaston Castle, Luton, and 

 many other notable estates, it should be wide, straight, and extend a long distance, to 

 be imposing. 



The choice of trees for the purpose must be governed by circumstances, and adap- 

 tation of the kinds to the soil. The lime (Tilia europea), especially the red-twigged 

 variety, raised from layers, grows freely in moist loamy soil, the trees soon attaining 

 large dimensions ; but seedling trees cannot be depended upon for the desired 



