10G 



palatal side of the penultimate upper molar ; the better and broader ossification of the 

 medial border, ib. b, of the palatal vacuity (comp. fig. 2, Plate XIV.). In the under 

 jaw the relatively broader and deeper symphysis, Plate V. figs. 5 and G, s; the wider 

 interval between the two prcdcntal foramina, d d', fig. G, and the more backward position 

 of the hinder one, fig. 7, e, beneath the fore part of the antepenultimate molar (comp. 

 tig. 20, p. 103). 



Genus Thtlacinus, Tcmminck. 



Thylacinus cynocep/ialus, Harris. 



Of this species the cave-fossils yield specimens not differing in size and structure from 

 the corresponding parts of the existing species (Plate XII. fig. 2 ; Plate XIII. fig. 3 ; 

 Plate XV. fig. 3 ; Cuts, fig. 5, p. 74). 



Thylacinus major, Ow. 



In the Pataontological Appendix to Mitchell's work I noticed (p. 3G3) and figured 

 plate 31. fig. 7) the "anterior part of the right ramus of the lower jaw," and 

 remarked, " the position of the teeth in the specimen (xi. c, fig. 7), which are wider 

 apart, leads me to doubt whether it is the lower jaw of Das. laniarius, or of some extinct 

 marsupial Carnivore of an allied but distinct species." 



At the date (1S36) of this note no skull or skeleton of the large carnivorous Tasmanian 

 Marsupial, described and called Didelphis cynocepjhala by Mr. Harris, 1 had come under 

 my observation. I have since 2 had the means of determining the identity of certaiu 

 cave-fossils with Harris's species, and to recognize the subject of "plate 31. fig. 7," 

 above-cited, and other fossils since received, from Mitchell's Breccia Cavern, as having 

 belonged to a larger species of Thylacinus, now seemingly extinct both in Australia and 

 Tasmania. 



The jaws of the Thylacine are relatively longer than in the Sarcophile, the type number 

 of teeth are present ; and the anterior ones, d i, d 2, d 3, arc separated by intervals, not 

 in contact as in the Sarcophile. The crown is more compressed and pointed in the 

 Thylacine. 



In Thylacinus major the upper canine (Plate V. figs. 7, 7') is proportionately larger 

 in comparison with the lower one than it is in Thylacinus cy/ioccp/talus ; the other osseous 

 and dental characters, so far as they are at present represented by fossils, indicate chiefly 

 a superiority of size as compared with the still existing Tasmanian species. 



The former presence of both marsupial carnivorous genera in Australia exemplifies 



1 Tom. cit. 



' ' Cyclopaedia of Anatomy,' Art. Marsupialia, vol. iii. (1841), p 258, fig. 80. 



