to distinct species. The same remark applies to both or either in relation to the maxil- 

 lary fossil from the same cavern (Plate L. figs. 2 & G) which I have referred to a 



/ %os< olomys KreffHi. 



Considering, however, that the two portions of mandibles combine, like that maxillary 

 one, characters of affinity to Phascolomys latifrons with differential ones forbidding a 

 reference to that species, it may be, and may be probable even, that they all belong to 

 the same extinct species. I prefer, therefore, to indicate them as parts of a Phascolomys 

 KreffHi, and le ave to those who may be so fortunate as to obtain evidence to the con- 

 trary, to impose their own specific denominations on the so demonstrated distinct kind 

 of Wombat. 



§ 13. Mandibular fossils of Phascolomys latifrons. — Of six other mandibular frag- 

 ments showing the fore part of the ectocrotaphyte depression, two mutilated right rami 

 (Plate Till. figs. 4 & 5), by the gradual beginning and degree of deepening of that 

 depression (f), agree with the perforate or normal mandible of Phascolomys latifrons. 

 The outer orifice of the transverse canal or perforation (ib. pi) holds the same position 

 in these fossils : one of them (ib. fig. 4) includes the four anterior molars and the socket 

 of the fifth ; the other (fig. 5) includes the four posterior molars. The fore-and-aft 

 extent of the series of five sockets, in each specimen, is 2 inches, the depth of the man- 

 dible at the back part of the symphysis is (in fig. 5)6^ lines ; in fig. 4 it is 1 inch 5 

 lines. The ectalveolar groove (Plate LIII. fig. 4, u) is narrow. The inner wall of the 

 ramus, forming that of the second (d s) and third (d *) sockets, descends more vertically than 

 in the first described fragment (Plate LIV. fig. 2), or in the Tasmanian (Plate LIII. fig. 1) 

 and Platyrhine (ib. fig. 2) Wombats. The hind end of the symphysis is on the vertical 

 parallel of the interval between d 4 and m i, or not further back than the middle of m 2 

 (Plate LIII. fig. 4, 6-'). In both these characters the present fossils come nearer to the 

 latifront species (Plate LIV. fig. 1, s) than to the Platyrhine and Tasmanian Wombats. 

 The first molar (d 3) repeats the formal characters of that tooth in the Phase, latifrons. 



I conclude, therefore, that the mandibular fossils under description belonged to a 

 " hairy-nosed" Wombat, and one nearer to the existing species than the preceding fossil 

 (Plate LIV. fig. 2), in which the symphysis appears to have extended as far back as it 

 does in Phascolomys platyrhinus (Plate LIII. fig. 2). 



§14. Mandibular fossils of Phascolomys Mitchelli. — I now come to mandibular 

 fossils which, in the depth of the base of the ectocrotaphyte depression (Plate LV. 

 fig. 5,/), resemble the Tasmanian and Platyrhine Wombats. Four of these have the 

 entire molar series in place. In one (Plate LIII. fig. 5) the extent of the series is 2 

 inches 2 lines ; the first molar, however (d 3), agrees in shape and size with that in Phase, 

 latifrons (Plate LIV. fig. 1, d»). 



The transverse concavity of the inner wall, continued from the first and second molar 

 sockets and upon the symphysis half an inch in advance, more resembles that in the im- 

 perforate variety of the Latifront Wombat than in any other mandible of recent species. 

 The symphysis (Plate LV. fig. 6, 5) does not extend so far back as in the Tasmanian 



