434 



foremost (dt) and a linear tract in the next tooth (m 1). A broad field of dentine had 

 been brought to the grinding-surface of both lobes in both molars. Mr. Krefft has 

 Ikoted 0H one of the photographs of a fossil upper jaw, which I refer to Protemnodon 

 Mi max, " Molars worn down, premolar in good condition" — an appearance which is the 

 consequence of the later development of the front tooth of the series. The crowns of 

 the other molar teeth seem to have suffered mutilation from fracture in the original of 

 the photograph. The maxillo-premaxillary suture (between 21 and 22 in Plate LXXXVII. 

 fig. 1) is unmistakable in the photograph; anterior to it, in a line with the hind part 

 of the last incisive 6ocket, the premaxillary has suffered fracture. The extent of the 

 diastema contributed by the maxillary (21) is 1 inch 1 line. The course of the suture 

 resembles that in Halmaturus ; it does not describe an angle or curve forward before 

 ascending obliquely backward to the nasal, as in Macropus major. 



If photographs alone, such as those in ib. figs. 1-4, of which I have given the foregoing 

 interpretation, should be thought insufficient evidence of an extinct species, I may remark 

 that the characters of Protemnodon Mimas, and the determination of that species of 

 extinct Kangaroo, are independent of them, and are sufficiently exemplified in the 

 fossil remains, before described, of the mandible and mandibular teeth of this gigantic 

 Wallaby. 



§ 13. Protemnodon Rcechus, Ow. — The subject of figs. 10-13, Plate LXXXVII., from 

 King's Creek, Clifton Station, presented by the proprietor, George King, Esq., is a part 

 of a left mandibular ramus, with the permanent dentition, save the last molar, in place 

 and use ; and, from the degree of attrition of the crown of m 2, it is plain that m 3 had 

 risen into place, and been lost with the supporting part of the jaw by mutilation of the 

 fossil. The retained molars have characters of those of Protemnodon Anak, in wanting 

 the postbasal ridge (fig. 13), and having the links less sharply defined (fig. 12) than in 

 Protemnodon Mimas. But the increase of size is more than can be granted to difference 

 of sex. The protemnodont pattern of premolar is closely adhered to ; the hind swelling 

 of the crown (ib. fig. 10, b) is relatively somewhat greater than in Protemnodon Anak, 

 and a smooth triturating surface has been worn upon its summit ; the trenchant border 

 is abraded, as usual, upon its outer side. The anterior lesser expansion is defined 

 externally by an oblique, not vertical groove. The lower border as well as both ends 

 of the mandible have been broken or worn away. 



The series of preserved teeth describes a slight curve, convex inward — a character (if it 

 be specific) which is not shown by any of the other and smaller kinds of extinct Kangaroos 

 forming the subject of the present communication. In this I have continued the 

 practice, began in my Appendix to Mitchell's work (1838), of attaching the names of 

 giants, familiar to the students of biblical and mediaeval histories, to the several extinct 

 species which towered of old above the tallest of the living Kangaroos. 



