MS 



and whether these are grown in a plantation or in an orchard.^ 

 But the chief point that requires to be emphasised is that the 

 nature of the spray is the essential factor for success in spraying 

 with Bordeaux mixture. The spray must be very fine and " misty,'^ 

 or smoke-like ; a hanging " mist " or " fog " must be produced 

 which drifts over and through the tree and deposits on the surface 

 of the leaves excessively minute drops, which when dry give the 

 parts of the trees which have been sprayed the appearance of 

 being almost uniformly covered with a very thin bluish film or 

 dust. Such a deposit of Bordeaux mixture is so intimately 

 attached to the surface of the leaf or fruit that it does not readily 

 wash off. Last season, notwithstanding the frequent rains, I saw 

 apple trees which had been properly sprayed with Bordeaux 

 mixture still showing a bluish film over the leaves (and thus 

 completely protected from the " scab " fungus) nine weeks after 

 the application. 



In order to obtain the right kind of spray, attention must be 

 paid to two points; (l) a special type of nozzle must be used, 

 and (2) sufficient pressure must be maintained at the nozzle. If 

 these two requirements are not fulfilled, the full benefit from 

 spraying with Bordeaux mixture cannot be obtained. 



As regards the nozzle, the fact must be employed that a 

 special type is required, which may be called the " Bordeaux 

 nozzle." There is at the present time a considerable amount of 

 spraying with Bordeaux mixture being done in this country with 

 unsuitable nozzles. This results not only in a waste of labour 

 and material, but even in actual harm — sometimes to the trees by 

 " drenching " those varieties which should be only lightly sprayed 

 (see below), and sometimes (in the case of orchards) by causing 

 so much dripping from the.trees and actual spraying of the grass 

 around, that poisoning of sheep which may be allowed to feed on 

 the grass in the orchard may result. It seem probable that actual 

 cases of the death of sheep poisoned by feeding on grass around 

 trees improperly sprayed with Bordeaux mixture occured in Kent 

 last season. 



It follows that because the spray of Bordeaux mixture must 

 be " misty," and not jet-like, it must be carried close to the part 

 sprayed. In the case of tall treas this necessitates the use of 

 long bamboo " extension rods." The fact that tall trees cannot 

 be i^prayed with Bordeaux mixture by means of a jet-like spray 

 sent up from the ground cannot be too strongly insisted upon ; 

 to secure a fine " misty " spray which shall drift over and through 

 the tree and deposit itself uniformly over the leaves, a " Bordeaux 

 nozzle " at the end of a road of sufficient length must be used. 



The best nozzles, in my experience, for putting on Bordeaux 

 mixture are the " Vermorel " and its modifications of French, 

 American, and English make ; the " Mistry " and " Mistry Junior " 

 (of American make) and the " Spra motor " nozzle (of Canadian make). 

 (The Journal of Board el" Aj^riculturc Vol. XVI. i) 793). 



