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Young trees are disposed to produce long vigorous lateral branches 

 at the expense of the leading shoots. 



These branches should be pruned back consistently with the vigor 

 and size of the tree and so direct the sap into the leader which will 

 cause it to develop more rapidly. 



In many young trees suckers are thrown up from the base of the 

 stem, these should be carefully removed on appearance. Large branches 

 should be carefully removed close to the main trunk and all cuts should 

 be made clean and tarred over to prevent decay. Before planting trees 

 and shrubs the root system should be carefully examined and all broken 

 or damaged roots should be cut out and long unnecessary ones shortened. 

 A well balanced root and branch system should be aimed at and this is 

 often accomplished by a slight root pruning which encourages 

 the formation of fibrous feeding rootlets. When a severe pruning of 

 branches becomes necessary, as if often the case in most gardens, it 

 should be performed during the wet season. The tools necessary in 

 every garden are, a good strong, sharp pruning knife, a small hand 

 saw, a pair of secators and a small axe. 



Flowering Shrubs. 



This is the most extensive and to me the most attractive section 

 of our garden plants. The variety is large and varied and a splendid 

 selection is so easily made that one is surprised to find that only a few 

 of the commoner sorts are found in gardens. In the embellishment of the 

 garden flowering shrubs play a most important part ; indeed, take these 

 away and more than half the beauty is gone. Some are best planted 

 in clumps by themselves, others are seen to the best advantage as 

 isolated specimens. 



In selecting sites the habit of the plant must be considered if the 

 full effect is desired. Flowering shrubs should never be planted under 

 the shade of trees if proper development is to be attained. Shrubberies 

 if properly arranged and planted will give a show of flow T ers during the 

 whole year. Considerable judgment is necessary in planting 

 shrubberies to prevent overcrowding and formality. Here again a 

 knowledge of the habit of each individual plant is necessary. The 

 following list contains all the best and showiest of our flowering shrubs 

 and no difficulty should be experienced in obtaining plants of each kind. 

 All or nearly all are easily propagated by cuttings and no difficulty 

 should be found in raising stocks of each. 



Allamandas. A genus of elegant plants admirably adapted to be 

 grown as shrubs although they are also grown with good effect as 

 climbers. Their large funnel shaped flowers are striking and attractive 

 and all the species of the genus are of easy culture. To obtain the 

 best results as shrubs the plants should be massed together in beds or 

 clumps and periodically pruned to keep them shrubby and within 

 bounds. 



Pruning also increases their floriferousness. A very good effect is 

 obtained by allowing the plants to climb over trees. The bright yellow 

 flowers peeping through the foliage are very striking. Allamandas 

 thrive best when planted in a rather sandy soil and kept well manured. 



