587 



The pulp was carefully beaten for about an hour and at the same 

 time bleached, chloride of lime being used for the purpose : 10 parts of 

 dry powder being used per 100 parts of pulp. 



The stuff was taken from the beater and well washed and subse- 

 quently a small quantity of loading was gradually added and the whole 

 again beaten for half-an-hour. At this stage of the operation the rosin 

 size was introduced and the decomposition of the soda resinate com- 

 pleted with the calculated quantity of alum. The amount of size used 

 corresponded to 4% on the dry pulp present, the total time occupied in 

 preparation of the pulp for running on the machine being 2 hours. 



Fkeparation of Paper. 



No great difficulty was experienced in running the pulp: it retained 

 however a considerable quantity of water after passing the suction-boxes 

 and in consequence it was found necessary to keep the press roll down 

 hard. On a large machine this precaution would not be necessary as 

 more suction-boxes are available and complete control is assured. 



The paper was passed over 9 cylinders at a pressure of about 8 

 lbs. to the square inch, then through one calender and finally reeled off. 

 In a similar manner a second sample was prepared, using a mixture of 

 half pulp obtained from the lalang grass and half cotton beaten to- 

 gether. The paper obtained from this blend could prove very useful as a 

 high-class wrapping paper, it being stronger and possessing a com- 

 paratively high resistance to folding as will be seen in the following table 

 of physical tests done on the finished specimens of papers. The paper 

 made from "all-grass" pulp would with judicious treatment for im- 

 provement of colour be very suitable for printing purposes. 



The following table of figures was obtained and compiled from tests 

 and analyses made on the air-dried finished papers. 



Half Lalang. 

 Pure Lalang. „ Cotton. 



Physical Properties : — 



Breaking strain ( lbs. ) 8.37 8.88 fway of machine) 



Stretch ( % ) 1.03 1.35 



Rubbing test 27 151 



Thickness ( inches ) tW sh' 



Chemical Constituents : — Per cent. 



Eosin Size 2.20% ) 2.43% ) 



) ) on the 



Ash ( Natural ) ) dry paper 



(and loading 3.01%) 1.94) 



Moisture 10.40 8.68 



The addition of cotton to the pure lalang fibre has the effect of 

 improving its resistance to crumbling, and also in a lesser degree its 

 tensile strength. 



G. Stewart Remington. 



