CALL/KATINiK. 
nostrils basal, lateral, rounded, and exposed. Wi?igs moderate and rounded, witli the fourth, fifth, 
and sixth quills the longest. Tail moderate and rounded, with the end of each feather broad and rounded. 
Tarsi strong, longer than the middle toe, and covered in front with broad strong scales. Toes long, 
strong, the outer longer than the inner ; the claws strong, compressed, and much curved. 
INIr. Gould informs us that this bird is confined to the south-eastern portion of the Austi'alian continent, and tliat it 
inhabits the pine ridges bordering the extensive plains of the Upper and Lower Namoi. It lives in small companies of 
three or four together on the topmost branches of the trees, and is extremely quick and restless, the whole company 
leaping from branch to branch in rapid succession, at the same time throwing up and expanding their tails and wings ; 
these actions are generally accompanied with a harsh unpleasant note. Its food consists of insects and probably berries. 
S. cinerea Gould, Syn. of Aiistr. Birds, p. ., B. of Austr. pi. 
Temnurus Less."^ 
Bill nearly as long as the head, with the culmen elevated at the base, and curved to the tip, Avhich is 
slightly emarginated ; the sides compressed ; the gonys of the lower mandible lengthened and nearly 
straight ; the nostrils basal, lateral, small, rounded, and hidden by the frontal plumes and short bristles. 
Wings long and rounded, with the first three quills graduated, and the fourth, fifth, and sixth the 
longest. Tail more or less lengthened and graduated. Tarsi short, rather longer than the middle toe, 
and covered in front with very broad scales. Toes short, and strongly scutellated, the outer toe longer 
than the inner one : the hind toe long and strong ; the claws long, curved, and acute. 
It is in various parts of the Indian continent that the species of this genus are found. They are generally seen sinole 
or in pairs, though sometimes noticed in small parties of four or five individuals together, in the jungly districts or in 
the neighbourhood of well-wooded villages. Their peculiar metallic or harsh rattling cries discover them even in the 
thick foliage of the jungles. Fruits and berries of different kinds form their principal subsistence, especially that of the 
banyan. 
1. T. leiicopto-vs {DraY>.) Diet. Class. Hist. Nat. vii. p. 370., PI. 
col. 265. 
2. T. truncatus Less. — Glaucopis temnurus Tvmni. PI. col. 
337. 
3. T. aterrinius (Temm.) PI col. 
4. T. jvi/us (Scop.) Hartl. Sonn. Voy. Ind. ii. t. 10()., Le Vaill. 
Ois. d'Afr. t. 59- — Pica rufiventris Fieill. 
5. T. vagabundus (Lath.) Gould, Cent, of B. pi. 42. 
6. T. occipitalis (Mull.) Hartl. Tydsch. Naturl. Geschied. 1835. 
p. 343. t. .'5. — Dendrocitta ruflgastcr Gould, Proc. Z. S. 1 837. 
p. 80. 
7- T. sineiisis (Gray), 111. Ind. Zool. pi., Gould's Cent, of B. pi. 
43. 
8. T.leucogaster Gould, Proc. Z. S. 1838. p. 37., Trans. ZooL 
Soc. pi. xii. 
9- T. frontalis Mc Clell. & Horsf. Proc. Z. S. 1839. P- l63. 
10. T. ? altirostris Blyth, Journ. A. S. B. 1843. p. 932. 
Crypsikina Vieill.-\ 
Bill moderate, smooth, with the culmen arched from the base to the tip, which is notched ; the sides 
rather compressed; the gonys long and advancing upwards; the base of the culmen, and the 
* Established by M. Lesson in 1831. Dendraritta (1833) of Mr. Gould is coequal. 
t Established by Vieillot inlSlG {Analyse, p. 36.). In 1817 Cuvicr proposed Temia, and in 1820 Dr. Horsfield gave the name of 
Phrenothnx for the same type. In 1827 Wa<y]er altered Vieillot's name to Cnjpsirhimi. 
3 u 
