TANAGRTNiE. 
bahamensis Briss. Voy. I'lle de Cuba, Ois. t. 11. ; T. multicolor Vieill. 
Gal. des Ois. t. 76. ; T. nigricephala Jameson ; Spindalis bilineatus 
Jard. Si Selbij, 111. Orn. n. s. pi. 9. 
14. T. Pretrei Less. Cent. Zool. t. 45. 
15. T. atra Gmel. Tl. enl. 714. f. 2. — T. melanopis iaiA. 
16. T.fusciata Licht. Cat. Dupl. Berl. Mus. No. 353. 
17. T. leucophcEu Licht. Cat. Dupl. Berl. Mus. No. 354, 
18. T. montana D'Orb. & Lafr. Voy. deTAmer. Mer. Ois. t. 23. 
f. 1. 
19. T. cyanicollis D'Orb. & Lafr. Voy. de I'Amer. Mer. Ois. t. 25. 
f. 1. 
20. T. eximia Boiss. Rev. Zool. 1840. 66. — T. cucullata Jarrt. 
Selhy, 111. Orn. n. s. t. 43. 
21. T. arthus Less. Cent. Zool. t. 9. 
Stephanophorus Strickl.* 
Characters in common with Tanagra : but it has the Bill very short, broad at the base, with the cuhncn 
sUghtly keeled, and much arched to the tip, which is emarginated ; the lower mandible broad, strong, and 
somewhat swollen, especially at the front. 
The type is found only in the warmer parts of South America. 
S. cceruleus (Vieill.) Strickl. Gal. des Ois. t. 54. — Tanagra diademata Tcmm.V\. col. 243.; Fringilla spleudida Z,?cA<. 
Tachyphonus Vieill.-f 
Bill conic, more or less lengthened, compressed on the sides, the culmen arched to the tip, which is 
emarginated, and the lateral margins more or less sinuated ; the nostrils basal, small, and partly con- 
cealed by the frontal plumes. Wings moderate, with the first four quills graduated, and the iburtli 
the longest. Tail moderate, rounded or slightly emarginated at the end. Tarsi longer than the middle 
toe. Toes long and strong, with the lateral ones equal ; and the claws moderate and curved. 
These are also peculiar to South America, where they prefer bushes in cultivated places near water, and ai'c seen 
actively leajiing about from branch to branch, seeking for grains and buds, on which they hve. Their flight is rapid and 
interrupted. 
1. T. leucoptcrus (Gmel.) Vieill. PI. enl. 179. f- 2. — T. nigerrima 
Gmel.; Oriolus melaleucus Sjxirr. Mus. Carls, t. 31.; T. rufa 
Bodd. PI. enl. 711.; Type of Pyrrota Vieill. (I8I6.). 
2. T. loricatus (Licht.) Cat. Dupl. Berl. Mus. No. 340, 341. 
3. T. terinirostris Swains. Brand's Journ. No. 39- — T. luctuosus 
D'Orb. Lafr. Voy. de I'Ame'r. Me'r. Ois. t. 20. 
4. T. phwniceu.9 Swains. Two Cent, and a Quarter, 311. — Tachy. 
saucius Strickl. 
5. T. cristutns- (Linn.) Vieill. PI. enl. 301. f. 2. — T. cirrhomelas 
Vieill. ; Houpette noire De.wi. Tang. t. ; T. brunnea Spi.c, Av. Bras, 
t. 49. f. 2. 
6. T. quadricolor Vieill. Ency. Meth. 803. — Tanagra auricapilla 
Spijc, Av. Br. t. 52. ; Tachyphonus Suchii Swains. ; Muscicapa galeata 
Licht. 
7. T. ruber Vieill. Ency. Meth. 804. 
8. T. chloricteriis Vieill. Ency. Me'th. 804. 
9. T. coryphceus (Licht.) Cat. Dupl. Berl. Mus. No. 342, 343.; 
Azara No. 77. — T. Vigorsii Swains. Jard. & Selby's 111. Orn. 
pi. 36. f. 1. 
10. T. taniatus Boiss. Rev. Zool. 1839. 41 . 
11. T. penicillatus (Spix), Av. Bras. t. 49. f. 1. 
12. T. sanguinolentus (Less.) Cent. Zool. t. 39. 
13. T.fluvinuchus D'Orb. & Lafr. Voy. de I'Aine'r. Mer. Ois. t. 
21. f. I. 
14. T. VIctorinii Lafr. Rev. Zool. 1842. 336. 
15. T. olivi-cyancus (Lafr.) Rev. Zool. 1843. 69. 
16. T. olivaceus Swains. Brand's Journ. No. 39- 
17. T. igniventris (D'Orb. & Lafr.) Voy. de I'Amer. Mer. Ois. t. 
25. f. 2. 
18. T. /M)H//ai!((.* (Dubus.) Bull, de I'Acad. Brux. IS.Sg. 441. t. 
— Tanagra Constantii i?o(*6". ; Aglaia erytlirotis ,Jard. S; Selby, 111. 
Orn. n, s. t. 36. 
19. T. }-m6<w«'H* Swains. PI. enl. 181. f. 1. — Fringilla cristata 
Gmel. ; Fringilla araguira Vieill. Ois. Chant, t. 28. 
20. T. cristatcUus (Spix), Av. Bras. t. 53. f. 1. — Tachyphonus 
fringilloides Swains. ; Emberiza ruticapilla Sparr. ? Mus. Carls, t. 
44. 
21. T.} capistratus (Spix), Av. Bras. t. 54. f. 1. 
22. T. ? axillaris (Spix), Av. Bras. t. 54. f. 2. 
23. T. ? involncratus (Less.) Rev. Zool. 1839. 41. 
24. T. ruficeps Strickl. Ann. Nat. Hist. 1844. 419. 
Nemosia Vieill.X 
Bill rather robust, the cuhnen slightly arched to the tip, Avhich is emarginated, the sides compressed, 
and the lateral margins sinuated ; the nostrils basal, small, and partly concealed by frontal plumes. 
Wings lengthened, witli the second, third, and fourth quills the longest. Tail moderate, and even 
• Established in 1841 {Proc. Z. S. p. 30.) by Mr. Strickland. 
t Founded by Vieillot in (1810) his ^«a/(/se, p. 33. ; it embraces P/yn-o^a of the same author. Comarophagus oi M. Boic(1826) is 
proposed on the same type. 
X This name was established by Vieillot in (181 6) his Analyse, p. 32. 
