PSITTACIN.E. 
one or more dead trees, when they are observed preening their feathers in the early rays of the sun, as if to dry them 
from the moisture that had settled on them from the dews of the night. They then separate into small parties, and 
scatter themselves in search of their food, which consists cliiefly of various fruits ; they sometimes commit great 
destruction among the oi'ange plantations. After haying satisfied their hunger, they invariably proceed to the banks of 
the rivers to bathe, until the heat of the day drives them to seek the thick foliage of the trees, where they enjoy the 
refreshing coolness of the shade, and remain so quiet that they are not discovered until disturbed or alarmed for their 
safety. In such cases, the whole flock fly off with great rapidity to a fresh locality, and at the same time utter loud 
discordant screams. Towards evening, they leave the shade of the trees for the purpose of obtaining their second daily 
supply of food, after which all the flocks reassemble with great noise, and renew their visit to the river to perform their 
second ablution ; and, before going to rest, they revisit the trees to preen and dry their plumage by the last rays of the 
sun. This completed, they separate each to its own peculiar roosting-place, until the dawn of approaching day again 
awakens them into active life. On the approach of the rainy season, these birds migrate to the warmer districts ; during 
which migration they rise to so great an elevation in the air, that they are not visible to the naked eye, though their 
discordant notes are distinctly heard. They seek the qniet solitude of the forests for the rearing of their young, whom 
they feed by disgorging the half-masticated food in the manner of pigeons. The female deposits from two to four eggs 
on the bare wood in holes of trees. 
1. V. frythncii.'i Lir n. PI. enl. 311., Le Vaill. Perr. t. 100, 101, 
102. 
2. P. guineensis Mill. Cimel. Phys. pi. 29- 
.S. V. Senegal us Linn. P). enl. 288., Le Vaiil. Pcrr. 1. 1 1(), 117, 
118. — Type of Poicephalus Swains. 
4. P. Meyeri Riipp. Zool. Atl. t. ii. 
5. V. flavifrons Rupp. Syst. Uebers. Vog. Nord-Ost-Afr. t. 31. 
6. P. timneh Fras, Proc. Z. S. 1844. 
7. P. Le Vaillantii Lath. Le Vaill. Perr. t. 130, 131. — Psit- 
tacus robustus Gmel. ; P. cafFer Licht. ; P. flammiceps Bechst. ; 
P. infuscatus Shaw ; P. fuscicollis Kuhl. 
8. ? P. heteroclitus Homb. & Jacq. Ann. des Sci. Nat. 1841. p. 
9. P. menstruus PI. enl. 584., Edwards's Birds, pi. 314., Le 
Vaill. Perr. t. 114. — Type of Pionus Wagl (1830). 
10. V. Maximiliani \^Vi\\\, Azara No. 287- — Psittacus flaviros- 
tris Spix, Av. Bras. t. 31. 
11. P. senilis Spix, Av. Bras. t. 31. f. 1. — Psittacus leucorhyn- 
cbus Swains. 
12. P. violaceus Bodd. Edwards's Birds, pi. 315., Le Vaill. Perr. 
1. 1 15., PI. enl. 408 Psittacus purpureas Gmel. ; P. cyanocephalus 
Scop. 
1 3. P. chalcopteriis Fras. Proc. Z. S. 1 840. p. 59. 
14. P. sordidus Linn. Edwards's Birds, pi. l6'7., Le Vaill. Perr. 
t. 104. 
15. P. melanocephalus Linn. Edwards's Birds, pi. 16;)., PI. enl. 
527., Le Vaill. Perr. t. 119, 120. — Psittacus leucogaster Kuhl. 
16. P. hadiceps Lear's Parr. pi. 1. 
17. V. Histrio Bodd. PI. enl. 744., Le Vaill, Perr. t. 1.33.— 
Psittacus pileatus Gntcl. ; P. caica Lath. 
18. P. Barruhandi Kuhl, Consp. Psitt. p. (il. 
19. P. vultnrinus Illig. Kuhl Consp. p. G2. 
20. P. brachyurus Kuhl, Consp. Psitt. p. 72. — Psittacus pumilio 
Spiv, Av. Bras. t. 29. f. 2. ; P viridissimus Swains. Zool. 111. pi. 
155. 
21. P. chrysopogon Less. Rev. Zool 1842, p. 135. 
22. P.fuscicapillus Vieill. N. Diet. d'Hist. Nat. xxv. 3l6. — 
Psittacus spadiceocephalus Kuhl. 
23. P. agilis Gmel. Edwards's Birds, pi. I68., Le Vaill. Perr. t. 
105. — Psittacus virescens Bechst.; P. signatus Shaw; P. minor 
Vieiil. 
24. P. vittatus Bodd. PI. enl. 792., Le Vaill. Perr. t. 108. 108 bis. 
— Psittacus dominicensis Gmel. ; P. leucocephalus Kuhl. 
25. ¥. leucocephalus Linn. Edwards's Birds, pi. 1 66, PI. enl. 
335. 549., Le Vaill. Perr. t. 107. IO7. bis. IO9. — Psittacus collarius 
Linn. ; P. paradisi Gmel. PI. enl. 336. ; P. Gerini Lath. 
26. P. atbifrons Sparrm. Mus. Carls, t. 52. 
27. P. Pretrei Temm. PI. col. 492. 
28. P. Guildingii Vigors, Proc. Z. S. 1 836. p. 80. 
29- P. mercearius Tschudi, Faun. Peruana, p. 
30. P. tumultuosus Tschudi, Faun. Peruana, p. 
31. P. auro-palliatus Less. Rev. Zool. 1 842. p. 135. 
32. P. ? accipitrinns Linn. PI enl. 526., Spix Av. Bras. t. 32 a. 
— Type of Deroptyus Wagl. (1830). 
33. .'' P. cyanauchen Mull. & Schl. Verb. Nat. Gesch. Nederl. Ind. 
p. 107. 
34. } P. reticulatus Mull. & Schl. \'erli. Nat. (.esch. Nederl. Ind. 
p. 108. 
85. } P. ryanicollis Mull. & Schl. Verb. Nat. (Jescli. Nederl. Ind. 
p. 108. 
36. ? P. Alulleri Mull. & Schl. \'erb. Nat. Gtscb. Nederl. Ind. 
p. 108. 
Chrysotis Swains.* 
Bill moderate, with the culmen biangular, flattened, ploughed in the middle, and arched to the tip, 
near which the lateral margins are strongly emarginated, that of the under mandible more or less 
* Established by Mr. Swainson in 1837 (Class, of Birds, ii. p. 300.). Amazona of M. Lesson (1831) and probably Androglossus of 
Vigors (1825) are synonymous; and it includes Triclaria of Wagler (1830). 
4 F 
