PICIN.E. 
singly on the brandies and trunks of trees. These they examine, Avhile climbing on the bark, for the insects that are 
hidden in the cracks ; and they also look for those that lie concealed beneath the bark in the decayed wood, which they 
dig into by means of their bills, until they have made a hole sufficiently large to enable them to procure the grubs. So 
rapid are the repeated strokes of the bill against the wood, that the head is scarcely seen to move. Berries and seeds 
also form a portion of their subsistence. They climb the trunks and branches of trees with ease and quickness, in a 
perpendicular and spiral direction, by means of their claws and rigid tail. The eggs are usually four or five in number, 
and they are deposited in holes made by the l)ird in the decayed trunks of ti-ees. 
1. P. major Linn. PI. enl. I96. 595. — Picus cissa Pal!. 
2. P. medhis Linn. PI. enl. (ill. — Picus cynadus Piill. 
3. P. minor Linn. PI. enl. 5.')8. — Picus pipra P(i/l. 
4. P. leuconotiis Bechst. Orn. Tasclienb. i. 6C\, Arerner's Atlas 
to Temm. i\Ian. pi. — Picus cir-.is Fall. 
5. P. nvmiditu Malh. Kaun. Oin. Sicil. 
6. P. cathpharius Hodgs. Joiirn. As. Soc. Beng. 18-4-3. lOOG. 
7. P. Elliottii Jerd. Madr. Jouin. Lit. & Sci. xi. p. 212. 
8. P. ziznki Temm. PL col. 
9. P. Macel Vieill. Gray, 111. Ind. Zool. i. pi. 32. 
10. P. Wayleri Hartl. Cat. ]}rem. Mus. Vogel. — Pictis Macei 
Temm. PI. col. 59- f. 2. 
11. P. mahrattensis Lath. — Picus hsemosomus Wayl., Gould, 
Cent, of Birds, pi. 51. 
12. P. brunnifrons Vigorii, Proc. Z. S. 1831. p. HG., Gould, Cent, 
of Birds, pi. 52. — Picus aurifrons Vigors. 
13. P. hypenjthrvs Vigors, Proc. Z. S. 1831. 23., Gould, Cent, 
of Birds, pi. 50. 
14. P. Itimalayanus Jard. ik Selby, III. Orn. pi. llO. 
15. P. molucccnsis Gmel. PI. enl. 748. f. 1. — Picus bicolor 
Gmel. PI. enl. 748. f. 2. ; P. variegatus Lath. ; P. pygmaeus Vigors. 
16. P. nanus Vigors, Proc.Z. S. 1831. 172. 
1 7- P. gnineensis (^Scop.) Sonn. Voy. t. 35. — Picus cardinalis Gmel. 
18. P. querulus AVils. Amer. Orn. pi. 15. f. 1. — Picus leucolis 
//;. ; P. borealis Vieill. Ois. d'Amer. Sept. t. 122. ; P. Vieillotii 
Wagl. Audub. B. of Amer. pL 389. 
ly. P. villosus Linn. PI. enl. 754., Wils. Amer. Orn. pl. 9. f. ]., 
Vieill. Oii!. d'Ame'r. S^pt. t. 120., Audub, B. of Amer. pi. 4l6. f. 1,2. 
20. P. leucotnelas (Bodd.) PI enl. 345., Audub. B. of Amer. pi. 
417. f. 7. — Picus canadensis Gmel. ; P. leucomelanos Wagl. 
21. P. PhiUpsii Audub. B. of Amer. pi. 417- f. 5, 6. 
22. P. Martincp Audub. B. of Amer. pi. 417. f. 1. 2. 
23. P. Ilarrisii Audub. B. of Amer. pi. 417. f. 8, 9 Picus in- 
carnatus Licht. 
24. P. Gardneri AnAvtb. Orn. Biogr. v. 317- 
25. P. Auduhoni Trudeau, Journ. Acad. Nat. Philad. vii. 404., 
Audub. B. of Amer. pi. 417- f. 
26. P. pubescens Linn. Wils. Amer. Orn. pi. 9. f. 4., Vieill. Ois. 
d'Ame'r. Sept. t. 121., Audub. B. of Amer. pi. 1 12. 
27. P. medianus Swains. Faun. Bor. Amer. p. 308. 
28. P. meridionalis Swains. Faun. Bor. Amer. p. 308. 
29. P. lignarius Mol. — Picus melanocephalus King ; P. punc- 
ticeps D'Orb.; P. Kingii G.R. Gray. 
30. P. cactorum D'Orb. Voy. de I'Amer. Me'r. Ois. t. 62. f. 2. 
31. V. cancellatus Isis, 1829. p. 510. 
32. V.obsoktus Wagl. Isis, 1829- p. 510. 
33. P. sca/am AVagL Isis, 1829. p. 51 1. 
34. P. varius Linn. PI. enl. 785., Wils. Amer. Orn.pl. 8. f. 1, 2., 
pi. 9. f. 2., Vieill. Ois. d'Ame'r. Sept. t. 118., Audub. B. of Amer. 
pi. 190. 
35. P. tricolor Gmel. Seba- Thes. t. G4. f. fi. 
CAMl'tPIIlLUS.* 
Bill lengthened, the base broader than high ; tlie gonj^s lengthened and advancing upwards ; the 
nostrils basal, lateral, and concealed by the projecting plumes. Wings long and pointed, with the third, 
fourth, and fifth quills the longest. Tail long, graduated, and acuminated. Tai^si short, and covered 
with broad transverse scales in front. Toes unequal, the outer posterior toe longer than the outer 
anterior one, the inner posterior toe very short ; the claws long, compressed, and much curved. 
These birds ai"e seen in the vast forests and the newly cultivated grounds of the Xew World, and the Indian 
archipelago. They are usually observed on the lofty branches and trunks of the trees, especially those of the swamps, 
busily engaged in detaching large pieces of bark with their bUls, with a view of procuring their food, Avhich lies 
concealed beneath, and consists of insects in their various states. They also attack, when in season, the grapes and berries 
that are fovuid in the virgin forests and orchards. Their flight is graceful, undulating, and rarely j^rolonged beyond 
proceeding from tree to tree, and then it is perfonned in a single sweep. The eggs are placed in holes made with the 
bill in the trunks of trees, to various depths, from a foot to three feet. They are generally four to six in number. 
* Established in my lAst of the Genera of Birds, in 1 840, p. 54. 
3 r. 
