GOURIN^. 
third quills nearly equal, and longest. Tail moderate and much rounded. Tm^si rather shorter than 
the middle toe, robust, and covered with transverse scales. Toes long, with the lateral ones and the 
hind one nearly as long as the outer ; the claws moderate and curved. 
These sliowy birds are inhabitants of India, its archipelago, and Australia. They are generally seen solitary or in 
pairs on the ground, in the low shady jungles or brushes. When surprised, they endeavour to escape by a short 
but very rapid flight, and suddenly seeking the ground, there crouching until all their alarms are subsided. 
1. C. indica (Linn.) Edwards's Birds, pi. 1 i. — Columba pileata 
Scop. Sonn. Voy. t. 66. ; Columba cyanocephala Gnifl. ; Columba 
cyanopileata Bonn. ; Columba albicapilla Gmel. ; Columba griseo- 
•pilla Bonn. ; Columba superciliaris Wagl. 
ca 
2. C. chrysochlora (Wagl.) PI. enl. 177. — Columba javanica 
Temm. Pig. t. 26. 
Phaps Selbi/.* 
Bill lengthened, slender, and straight, with the tip vaulted and arched; the nostrils lateral, 
membranous, with the opening linear. Wings moderate and pointed, with the second and third quills 
longest. Tail long and rounded. Tarsi very short, shorter than the middle toe, robust, and covered 
with large scales. Toes long, strong, lateral toes unequal ; the hind toe half the length of the middle 
toe. 
These birds are scattered over the continent of Australia, they are mostly seen on the open sandy grounds or in the 
shrubs, where they live after the manner of partridges. Various kinds of seeds and berries, that are usually found on 
the ground, form the chief food of these birds. Their power of flight Is merely employed for a short distance, to enable 
them to escape from danger. The nest Is built of a few twigs, slightly put together, and placed on a trunk of a tree, 
or even on the ground. The female deposits two eggs. 
1. P. chalcoptera (Lath.) Selby, Temm. Pig. t. 8., Gould, B. of 
Austr. pi. 
2. P. elegans (Temm.) Selby, Temm. Pig. t. 22. — Columba 
Lawsonii Sieher, Gould, B. of Austr. pi. 
3. V. histrionica Gould, Proc. Z. S. 1840. 114., Gould's B. of 
Austr. pi., Knip et Prev. Pig. t. 4.5. 
4. P. picata (Lath.) Selby — Columba melanoleuca Lath, ex 
Lamb. Icon. ined. i. t. C2. ; Columba armillaris Toinn. Pig. t. 6. ; 
Columba Jamiesoni Qnoy et Gaim. ; Type of Leucosarcia Gould 
(1843). 
5. P. leiicotis (Temm.) PI col. 18.9. 
Geophaps Goulcl.'\ 
Bill moderate and strong, with the tips of both mandibles much vaulted and arched; the nostrils basal, 
lateral, and slightly gibbous, with the opening linear. Wings moderate, with the third, fourth, and fifth 
quills the longest. Tail moderate, and rounded on the sides. Tarsi very robust, as long as the middle 
toe, and covered with large scales in front. Toes moderate, with the outer toe shorter than the inner 
one, the sides of all margined with a membrane ; the hind toe slender, and as long as the inner toe ; the 
claws moderate and curved. 
The birds that compose this division are only found in Australia; and Mr. Gould Informs us that they live In pairs, 
or in small coveys of from four to six Individuals, which, when approached, Instead of seeking safety by flight, run off 
* Established by Mr. Selby (A^at. Libr. v. Pigeons, ]}. 194-.) in 1835. In 1837 Mr. Swain son transferred his name of reriste.ra to 
this division. It includes Leucosnrrin (1843) of Mr. Gould, 
t Established by Mr. Gould {Pror. Z. S. 1842, p. If).) in 1842. 
