Feb. 2, 1888. j 



FOREST AND STREAM. 



TRIPLE EXPANSION YACHT ENGINES. 



Sands to kill and win his first claim to the cup. The conditions 

 and result of the syooting are as follows: 



Bergen Point, N. J.. Jan. 25.— Second shoot for the Carteret Gun 

 Club's winter cup: entrance. $5 each; duplicate entries allowed: to 

 shoot at 10 birds; handicap rise and boundaries; 2 misses out; ties 

 miss and out; 10 entries required and the cup to be won twice be- 

 fore becoming personal property. After shooting 4 rounds the 

 conditions were amended by consent of all present to shoo! mis-, 

 and out: 



Yards Yards 

 rise. boundary. Killed 



WH Sands (2d) 27 50 17 



Mr Leiehton (2d) 29 35 1(5 



W H Sands 27 50 12 



TW Thome 29 21 10 



Mr Leighton 89 35 9 



MrBrokaw 27 50 8 



Mr Stanwix 29 35 6 



T W Thorne (2d) 29 31 6 



Mr Lee (2d) 30 21 tj 



Mr Lee 30 21 5 



E E Flint 30 35 4 



Mr Stanwix 29 &5 4 



C F Jones (2d) 80 21 3 



E E Flint (2d) 30 35 3 



C F Jones 30 21 1 



MrBrokaw (3d) 27 50 1 



The birds were gathered by the dogs Dell, Ralph and Phil. 



A MAY TOFRNAMENT.— The North End Gnn Club, of Frank- 

 ford, Philadelphia, will give a grand tournament during May, and 

 it is intended to make i( the most important and biggest event of 

 its kind ever held in Philadelphia. A large number of prizes have 

 been promised. All clubs are invited to communicate at once 

 with Mr. A. L. Lnmb, Secretary North End Gun Club. 4,764 Frank- 

 ford avenue. There will be every variety of shooting, both for 

 teams of 10, 5 and 2, as well as individual and sweepstake shooting. 



Yachting. 



Small Yachts. By C. P. Kunhardt. Price $7. Steam J&tc-ht* and 

 Launches. By C. P. Knnhardt. Price ,«•?. Yachts, Boats and 

 Canoes. By C. Sta-nsfteld -Hicks. Price $f..fiQ. Steam Machinery. By 

 Bonald&m. Price $1.-5 0. 



YACHT DESIGN ON THE DELAWARE RIVER. 



Editor Forest and Stream: 



More than three hundred boats, of every imaginable shape from 

 cutter to dish, are wintered at the hospital. '"Mat Irons," with 

 long wedge-like bow that terminates suddenly in a "stand-up bat" 

 at the other end of the ship, with the bilge under the tuck: "bell 

 bows," with round harpins over a sliced-out under body, sugges- 

 tive of neuralgia in the Jaw; "bung drivers," with the bilge hang- 

 ing down below the keel and a sheer like a camel's back: "skim- 

 ming dishes," all beam and top and sail; "cheese knives," with 

 tumble-home stems and convex cants like a Government ram. 



The queerest one of ail has been recently rebuilt under the criti- 

 cal eye of a home scientist, who is strong in the dogma of the 

 catfish head and mackerel tail. The cheeks protrude beyond the 

 stem on either side, with the bilge seemingly under the forefoot; 

 a long, pointed tail is attached to the other end, the whole resem- 

 bling a bow kite. Then there is the ideal boat of the oldest inhabi- 

 tant, with slablike sides longitudinally compressed (least beam in 

 the center), as if troubled with cramp colic, flat floors, getting still 

 flatter on the long journey to the hindermost part, where the 

 whole business is cut short off like a "pocket flap" canal boat. 

 The designer does not seem to have taken any stock in Hogarth's 

 line of beauty— the wave line. 



It appears to have bothered our ancestral boat buildere to locate 

 the bilge properly. Some have started with it at the stem and 

 chased it all the way back to the sternpost, haphazard as to its 

 being above or below water. The lines are unfair and one must 

 look crooked t o catch a perspective. 



The Venitzia hauled out near by is in marked contrast with 

 these ungainly forms. She has a clean cut bow, long, easy clear- 

 ance, fine under body, well-rounded topsides and sightly sheer. 

 Inside ballast will be partly taken out and placed on keel, which 

 will be new and deeper than the old one, new keelson and center- 

 board trunk. A complete new suit of sails will be bent in the 

 spring. She is decidedly the handsomest and speediest yacht 

 here, and will be greatly improved. She is 59ft. Tin. ore all, load 

 waterline 53ft. 4in., beam 18ft. 4in., depth 5ft. tin. Collins, who is 

 doing the work, and who lengthened her aft last year, will proba- 

 bly build a first-class sloop this winter for Commodore Miekel 

 and others, of Trenton, N. J. Our up river brethren adopt what 

 is new and best and read the Forest and Stbeam to find it. A 

 race will be sailed this year from their end of the line by the 

 Quaker City Y. C. Election of officers Feb. 1. R. G. W. 



LAKE ONTARIO.— Mr. Ames's old sloop Laura has been sold to 

 a Syracuse yachtsman who will U3e her on Onondaga Lake. A 

 new sloop of Atalanta's class is talked of in Rochester for the 

 owner of the Ariadne. Oswego will have another single-sticker 

 from Mr. Burgess's designs for the same class as Mr. Ames's 

 Merle. Cricket, owned by Mr. J. T. Mutt, will have her after- 

 body lengthened and will be yawl rigged. 



SEAWANHAKA C, Y. C— The lecture on Saturday night by 

 Lieut. Schutze on the mariner's compass was one of the most 

 interesting and instructive yet delivered. The lecturer, who was 

 thoroughly conversant with his subject, devoted snecial attention 

 to the magnetism engendered in iron and steel vessels while on 

 the stocks. 



TRIPLE EXPANSION YACHT ENGINES. 



rpHE accompanying illustrations, for which 



indebted to 



T ] 



JL Enaiitcerinq, show a new set of engines built by AWo. 

 Welch & Co., of Bristol, Eng., for the steamer Iolanthe,S7ft. long, 

 12ft. beam and 2ft. draft. The cylinders are 8J4, 4?i and 6^hi. by 

 5in., with a three-bladed screw of 24in. diameter and 3ft. 9in. 

 pitch, working at 860 turns per minute. The boiler is of steel, the 

 shell being formed from one plate, and is if 1 . diameter, 5ft. long, 

 with 68 steel tubes, 1?:jm. diameter. The grate surface is l.25sq. ft. 

 and the working pressure 1631bs. There are no packing rings to 

 piston or piston valves, and the friction has been so reduced that 

 the engines have been run with 241bs. of steam. AIL the valves are 

 worked from two eccentrics only, making a very compact 

 arrangement. 



WINTER CRUISING. 



r PHE following extract from the log of the ketch Dauntless, on 

 JL her late voyage to the Mediterranean, is given iil the Fieid. 

 Dauntless is 93ft. l.w.l. by 20ft. 4in. beam, with some 13ft. draft 

 and lead ballasted. She had aboard, besides her owner. Mr. F. 

 W. L. Popbam, Miss Pnpham and a party of friends. 



Monday. Dec. 26.— Left Plymouth with a strong, fair, easterly 

 wind, which lasted up to Tuesday, the 27th. The wind was then 

 S.E. and fresh, and we were sailing under single-reefed mainsail, 

 second jib aud staysail. Ran vessel off to the westward to close 

 reef mainsail and shift jibs. Wind increasing to a t-nle, hauled 

 Staysail down. Barometer steady at 30*1. 



38th.— At 1 A. M. wind freshened to a hard gale, the vessel 

 filling her decks full and full. At 8 A. M. watched for a smooth, 

 and brought vessel to; came to splendidly not shipping any water; 

 then close reefed mizzeu, and set it. While preparing close- 

 reefed mainsail, to set it, a heavy sea struck the ship, carrying 

 away nine stanchions, and all bulwark on fore side of rigging, 

 also some lee bulwark. During a squall, small jib and mainsail 

 were clean blown away; ran up storm staysail, vess< 1 laboring 

 heavily under the tremendous sea that was running; barometer 

 falling rapidly. 29*30. Noon, laying to under reefed storm staysail 

 and double-reefed mizzen: sea having settled to a t rue run. vessel 

 lay to more comfortably; wind traveling about 50 miles au hour. 

 Our position was now 75 miles N. of Cape Finisterre. During the 

 day we used oil bags over the bows to prevent the seas breaking 

 on board, which answered admirably, for the seas: were terrific, 

 and it was blowing with hurricane force. At 1 P. M. an ugly sea 

 fell over the port quarter, carrying away starboard quarter, 

 bulwarks, etc.; and bowsprit at the same time was sprung. Mid- 

 night, still blowing hurricane force. 



29th — 7 A. M., wind tlightly moderated, set close-reefed trysail 

 during the heaviest of the breeze from E.S.E. Noon, wind lessen- 

 ing and sea taking off considerably, set storm jib, and after 

 making good some repairs, gi lied vessel a long, heading S. by E. 

 Yi E. during t he night. 



30th.— 8 A. M., gale freshening to hard gale from south, baro- 

 meter 29*25; lay to, and again resorted to oil bags. At 2 P. M. took 

 In trysail and storm trysail; laying to under storm jib and close- 

 reefed mizzen; seas terrific. 12 A. M. gale abated, made sail, and 

 bore away for Vigo; wind veered to S.S.W., traveling at a furious 

 rate; barometer rising, 29*35. 



Jan. L— 8 A. M., gale freshening, and heavy sea. At 2 P. M. 

 made land, fetching Arosa Bay: very thick, with blinding Tain; 

 tacked ship, and gilled her along toward Vigo. During the night 

 wind fell off, and veered to N.W. 



Jan. 2.— At 3 P. M. brought up off Vigo. 



Mr. Popham and party left the yacht at Vigo for repairs, which 

 will occupv a fortnight, and proceeded by rail to Gibraltar, to 

 await the Dauntless's arrival. 



TUCKER AND TUCKUP. 



Editor tW est and Stream: 



Many years ago tuckers or Tuckerton skiffs, so called after a 

 place of that name on the New Jersey coast, were built and used 

 by the seaside dwellers for fishing, oystering and hunting water- 

 fowl. They resembled the sneakbox of the present day, and, like 

 them, were admirably adapted to the shoal bays and narrow 

 waterways contiguous to the coast; and, as any one who could split 

 a rail could build a boat, they became noted and numerous. The 

 sails, as well as some of the boats, were made by the women, who 

 could handle them as well as the men. A 15ft. boat fitted out 

 complete could bo bought, delivered at Camden, for $ 25. A cedar 

 swamp was always handy, and wrecks sufficiently frequent to 

 furnish a supply of cordage and fastenings free of duty. In the 

 winter of 1839 a sailing club was formed by young Philadelphians, 

 with their headquarters across the Delaware River. The fleet 

 consisted exclusively of tuckers, that: had been hauled to the club 

 house from the seashore on oyster wagons. As only two men 

 were allowed in a boat during a race, 15ft. was made the regula- 

 tion length. Being cheap and handy they soon became popular, 

 and were used outside of the club. The writer, leeling that im- 

 provement was possible, built a boat within the restricted length 

 with stem and sternpost plumb, and plenty of sheer, which was 

 partially broken by crown of deck. The bowsprit was as long as 

 the boat, and other spars in proportion, and she was able to carry 

 them from her great beam and length of bottom. Her success 

 was chiefly due to her greater bulk and sail-carrying capacity. 



Of course tuckers soon disappeared after the advent of the new 

 boat, which was called a tuckup, probably from the keel rising to 

 the stern with the curve of the rabbet line, the deadwood being 

 fastened to the underside of keel. The hypothesis is that bigness 

 being power, all other considerations of form became obsolete. It 

 is only recently anything has been done to establish a rule of 

 measurement other than that of length, for the purpose only of 

 classification. The Pennsylvania club was the first to see through 

 the fog, adopting a bolt-rope-sail-area rule, with good results. 

 Then the Quaker City Club awakened out of a long sleep, and 

 after a heavy pressure had been brought to bear on the yet coma- 

 tose understanding of some of the anti-progressionists a length 



and sail area rule was finally pushed to adoption. Windward bal- 

 I last, excessive beam and overgrown sails, were the outcrop of the 

 coming of the tucker. Young men often handled their boats 

 I alone and were obliged to "hike" (lay out to windward) with little 

 of the. man left in the boat but his toes, while jib and main sheets 

 I and yoke ropes occupied both hands, assisted by well developed 

 ! jaws, causing an incessant strain on back and loins that was 

 surely laying the foundation of disease in after life. To sail in 

 these boats meant death. Many of mv early boating chums have 

 long ago paid the penalty of overtaxed muscles, wet skins and ex- 

 posure in these floating coffins. The modern tuckup has been 

 variously called a "thing of life," a "winged spectre floating on 

 the all - ," a "water nympth clothed in white," etc. And when the 

 summer solstice comes and placid waters shimmer 'neath ceru- 

 lean skies, then the "hiker" gets his work in, tackles a "thing of 

 life,*' upsets and is drowned. 



A firsf.-class tuckup, 15ft. long, 4ft. beam and 18in. deep, with 

 fancy trimmings and large and small rig, costs from <R300 to .£250. 

 When sharp on the wiud a sudden lull after a flaw is apt to turn 

 tilt; boat over to windward on top of the hikers (crew), catching 

 them under the sail. Running down wind is still more dangerous, 

 requiring great skill and quickness. If it blows fresh the peak is 

 slacked and the boom lifted to prevent the boat from diving out 

 of sight. Sometimes the sail goose-wings, throwing the peak to 

 the opposite side of the boom and threatening to toss the crew 

 over the masthead. I have seen them settle down bodily under 

 water by the weight of men on one side and wind on the other, 

 with the mast perpendicular. None but an expert has any busi- 

 ness in one of these flyers on race day, when they are driven for 

 all that's in them. 1 have on these occasions seen as many as nine 

 upset to windward simultaneously. Fifty or more of these little 

 flyers, with clean sails, bright mountings and uniformed crews, 

 angle making with a moderate nose-en der, is truly a pretty sight. 

 On Suudays, when wind and water are propitious, tiie wharves 

 along the city front are crowded with sightseers watching the 

 graceful movements of these miniature boats passing in pano- 

 ramic review. The chance of being drowned at any moment adds 

 to the show, like the "artist" who risks a broken neck on a flying 

 trapeze. Courage that fearlessly faces danger in great emergen- 

 cies commands respect, while a callous disregard of life is brutal 

 and heathenish, and is recognized only by sluggers, dog aud cock 

 lighters, and the like. I say this in no disrespect to the athlete 

 who risks his life from a meritorious desire to excel iu the pursuit 

 of manly sport. Cowards and lazy men never sail in tuckups: it 

 is the initiative school for young aspirants to fame as a sailor in a 

 yacht club, merchant marine or naval service. And if he don't 

 get drowned or die with rheumatism or consumption or a broken 

 heart, he's sure to get there in time. 



My previous communication referring to old style boats yet in 

 commission was not written to disparage builders of the present 

 day, who compare favorably with any in the land, but to show 

 bow little interest is taken by local yacht owners to foster home 

 productions, except in tuckups and other types of skiffs owned 

 chiefly by the working classes. Our river is stocked with boats 

 old enough to vote, of the cabin class. Most of them are brought 

 from the East, and our builders rebuild and modernize them, as 

 the spirit nioveth the .stagnant aquatic blood of our wealthv 

 yachtsmen. Fennimore, Collins, Wignall, Faunce, Wiser and 

 other well-known builders have produced some of tlie fastest 

 boats in 

 Dawn, F 



vulgarly called John Donkey, etc. 1 fail to recognize ^ 

 first and second class more than one new boat (Olga of the second) 

 built here for many years. The Trenton men, so far as thev have 

 built (third class), take home all the prizes every time, and to 

 them probably we will have to look for further progress. 



R. G. W. 



SHADOW.— We publish the following at the request of Mr. 

 Lewis Temple, whose first statement in regard to Shadow has 

 been questioned. The letter was sent by Mr. Temple some time 

 since, but was not received until recently. "To the Editor of the- 

 New Bedford Standard: It seems to be a knotty question as to the 

 origin of this celebrated sloop model. Had I known that Mr. 

 Le wis Temple was to have published his article of 'credit to whom 

 credit is due.' in reference to the origin of the Shadow, I should 

 have asked him not to; but in the main what he said is true, the 

 Herreshoffs to the contrary, especially about the high horse. Mr. 

 N. G. Herreshoff said to me while his brother John B. Herreshoff 

 was building the Shadow, and one year and a half afterward, that 

 he did not think as much of the Shadow's model as he did of the 

 CTytie's. As far as my knowledge goes in the matter of lines held 

 bypiesent and semi-past modellers, tiiere is but little that is new. 

 Most, of us remember the Baltimore clippers of some years since; 

 compare these lines with the present and you find nothing but a 

 modification. A little more depth, more canvas, and leaded keel, 

 aud you have it about all. I acknowledge, as 1 always have, that 

 John B. Hussey suggested the name Shadow, and feel sure that 

 but one knows better than ho how suggestive that name was of 

 the little intrinsic value siie proved to me. Very truly, E. R. 

 Sisson." 



BUILDING- NOTES.— The new cutter for Mr. Everett Paine 

 was designed bv her builder, Wni. Eddy, of Marblehead, and not 

 by Mr. Burgess, as was incorrectly stated. She will be 29ft. on 

 deck, 22ft. 6in, l.w.l., 8ft. 6in. beam, 5ft. 6in. draft, with 24^ tons of 

 lead on keel ^ ood Bros, ha ve orders for a steam yacht of 73ft. 



beam, and 5ft. draft, with clipper stem and iron keel. ...Chas. 

 Borden is building a 24ft. catboat for racing, a shoal centerboard 

 boat. 



YAMPA.— Mr. Chapin's schooner made excellent time down the 

 beach, the first part of the ru nbeiing under reefed foresail and 

 beadsails only. She made Hatteras Lightship in 26 hours and 

 Fernandina in four days. Her owner speaks very highly of her 

 performance in rough water. 



