March 8, 1888.] 



FOREST AND STREAM. 



137 



But in the meantime manuals and dictionaries of the new 

 language havo been issued in France, Germany, Austria and 

 other European countries, there are some 200,000 students of the 

 language, more or less international correspondence is being con- 

 ducted in it, eleven periodicals arc devoted primarily to it in 

 Europe, and now that a New Yorker (Charles E. Sprague) presents 

 us with a neat little manual of the language, we rub our eyes and 

 realize that it is time to look at the objections in the light of 

 accomplished facts. 



All spoken languages are the products of a long course of 

 development certainly, but when we proceed to analyze the con- 

 ditions of growth, we find that in their first stages languages 

 have grown up wholly by accretion, that they have been often 

 modified by the fusion of two or more, languages in one, and that 

 it is only when a people reaches a high stage of culture that its 

 scholars succeed in imparting such measure of organic structure 

 to its language that it becomes capable of assimilating fresh roots 

 and growing by internal development. Every language, in fact, 

 has received its first form and direction of development from 

 ignorant aud unscientific people, and the unsystematic results of 

 their labors is a perpetual bar to the reduction of the language 

 to organic rules. 



This objection detracts nothing from the utilitarian value or 

 force or beauty of a language, uor from its capacity to express the 

 finest shades of thought, but it renders it very difficult to acquire; 

 and in looking for a language for international correspondence 

 this objection is found to extend with fatal force to every spoken 

 or dead language. They are languages which have developed by 

 accretion and can only be mastered by a study of each part or 

 word. 



Volapuk, on the contrary, is an organic structure, its roots are 



arbitrary, as must necessarily be the case, for there is no natural 

 language, but all its inflections proceed by law of organic develop- 

 ment, by rules to which there are no exceptions. 



The whole structure of Volapuk is, in fact, so simple that it 

 may be, mastered in a few hours' study by the aid of Sprague's 

 hand-book, while, as regards the language itself, one is really 

 astonished at the talent displayed in facilitating its acquisition. 

 Every letter has a constant sound, there is only one declension 

 of nouus, one conjugation of verbs. The verb is recognized im- 

 med lately in a sentence by its termination in ok, ol, om, of, etc., the 

 equivalents of I, you, he, she, etc.; the tenses by the prelixes a, e, 

 i, o, u, etc., which become pa, pe, pi, po, pu, etc., in the passive; 

 adjectives are formed from the root by the addition of ik. The 

 roots have been selected from English, French, German, Latin, 

 and the interrogative le has been adopted from the Russian, but 

 although some forty per cent, of its roots have been adopted from 

 the English, many of them have been so modified that they are 

 not recognizable at first glance. 



The facility with which Volapiik may be acquired, the simplicity 

 of its structure, and the absence of all ambiguity of meaning 

 promise to render it a very convenient medium for international 

 mercantile and scientific correspondence, but the great advantage 

 of Volaptik will be appreciated when it shall be taken hold of by 

 Chinese and other civilized Orientals as a medium of communi- 

 cation with the western world. 



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