20 Annals of Horticulture. 



A probable secondary result of the success of the sprays will 

 be the re-introduction of various hardy European grapes, 

 which it has been impossible to grow out of doors in the cast, 

 largely because of mildew. There is already some indication 

 that the Bordeaux mixture will completely protect these 



Two most novel counter movements in grapes have taken 

 place during the year — the shipment of American grapes to 

 England, and English grapes to America. Nine carloads of 

 Concord in 9-pound baskets were shipped by the Germania 

 to England by growers in Chautauqua county, New York. 

 The fruit arrived in Liverpool November 5 in good condition. 

 In London, 1,000 baskets sold for 45 to 57 cents each. The 

 growers netted from 20 to 23 cents per basket on the cargo, 

 which is quite as good as the ordinary home market. The 

 grapes were not of sufficiently high quality to please the Eng- 

 lish purchasers, however, and the better "varieties should be 

 substituted for the Concord, at least in part, in succeeding 

 exportations. 



The movement from England to America consisted of 

 small consignments of house-grown grapes to New York, 

 where, in the winter of 1892-3, they sold for $1.50 and even 

 $2.2=, per pound. This experiment is chiefly interesting to 

 Americans in showing that there is a good limited market for 

 hothouse grapes. 



The California raisin crop is now an important commer- 

 cial factor. The following historical summary of the industry 

 is from the California Fruit Grower :f 



"The first recognized shipment of California raisins was 

 made in 1873, and consisted of less than 6,000 boxes. 

 This was followed by a product of only 9,000 boxes the 

 next year, and 11,000 the year after. From this time forward 

 the increase has been rapid, and the crop of 1887 reached 

 800,000 boxes. Last year the product was 2,600,000 boxes, 

 or 52,000,000 pounds, and the entire product of raisins in the 

 state, from 1873 to 1891 inclusive, reached 9,488,000 boxes of 

 20 pounds each; or a total of 189,760,000 pounds. From 



