ii 4 Annals of Horticulture. 



"The whole of the outer bark was removed from the elm. 

 (This may be done conveniently by a scraping-knife shaped 

 like a spoke-shave.) This operation caused a great flow of 

 sap in the inner lining of the bark (the liber), and the grubs 

 of the scolytus beetle were found in almost all cases to perish 

 shortly after the treatment was applied on a large scale, and 

 the barked trees were found, after examination by ^com- 



health than the neighboring^ ones, of which the bark was 

 untouched. More than two thousand elms were thus 



M. Robert had also obtained good results from cutting 

 strips about two inches wide out of the bark of old elms, from 

 the boughs down to the ground. << It was found that where 

 the young bark pressed forward to heal the wound, and a vig- 

 orous flow of sap took place, many of the larvae near it were 

 killed, the bark that had not been entirely undermined was 



against four insect destroyers so pernicious in their operauunj 



tree' W The 6 zL'zera L 'robbing itofTts beautifully branching 

 top; the elm-leaf beetle is defoliating it and rendering it 



marked tussock moth ( Orgxitt Intcostiymn are skeletonizing its 

 leaves, and arresting terminal growth by amputating the ends 

 of the twigs and strewing them over the ground ; and, lastly, 

 the three-toothed saperda— the most dangerous of 



tortuously that the death of the tree is^he inevitable result. 



It is to be sincerely hoped that should the suggestions above 

 made for staying the ravages of the last named insect not 

 prove to be practicable, other means may be found so efficient 

 and so simple as to lead to their general use by individuals 

 and by city authorities ; and that the steady progress north- 

 ward and westward over the state of the other two elm-de- 

 stroyers— the^zeuzera borer and the elm-leaf beetle -may l>e 



trees be spared to us and to coming generations. 



