46 



Lidforss" noticed that the- leaves are quite destitute of calcium oxalate 

 crystals in winter, and he explained this absence of the crystals to be 

 favorable to the economy of the plant-life, since otherwise, they would 

 afford centres for ice-formation within the cells. Though this is not 

 directly connected with my subject of study, I have also examined the 

 presence or absence of calcium oxalate crystals in the leaves, and their 

 amount at different times of the year. ^ 



to contain more or less starch in winter, while only one third; were 

 found to lose it during the coldest time of the year. Among the former 

 some few species contained quite rich starch throughout the winter. 

 But in many the amount of starch of the leaves were very much 

 reduced. 



Generally the amount of starch begins to decrease at the end of 

 November, and reaches to its minimum with the end of January, increasing 



I have found moreover, that in many cases, starch of the stomatic 

 guard-cells becomes less or even entirely absent in winter as it is the case 

 with the mesophyll, bat its increase or regeneration is observable to be later 

 than that of the mesophyll. Calcium oxalate crystals found in many leaves 



I have also examined many ever-green leaves collected at different 

 parts of the country in the coldest part of winter and preserved in alcohol. 



By the kindness of Prof. Miyabe of Sapporo Agricultural College, I 

 have, obtained the alcoholic specimens of more than thirty species of ever- 

 green leaves of that place, collected in three different times i.e., Jan. 21, 

 25 and Feb. 16. Of thirty three species examined, about ten were found 



