HYDROLOGY OF NEW YORK 



251 



horsepower. The village of Ticonderoga, at which this power is 

 utilized, had a population in 1900 of 1911. 



Wood creek, the most southerly tributary of Lake Champlain, is 

 of interest in a study of the water resources of New York, chiefly 

 because of its relations to the Champlain canal, its channel being- 

 utilized for several miles as paTt of the canal. At Fort Ann 

 there is considerable power developed on one of its tributaries, 

 used at present for grinding pulp. 1 



Hudson River System 



Hudson river. The Hudson river rises in the high mountains of 

 the Adirondack plateau, in the western part of Essex county, and 

 Hows with some turnings in a generally south direction to a short 

 distance below Palmers Falls, where it flows from 15 to 20 miles 

 mostly in a northeasterly direction to Sandy Hill. It then turns 

 again, and for the balance of its course is nearly due south. It 

 •enters New York bay at New York. Its headwaters may be taken 

 to issue from Lakes Henderson and Catlin, which are at eleva- 

 tions above tide respectively of 1889 feet and 1570 feet. Lake 

 Oolden. at an elevation of 2764 feet, is the extreme source of the 

 Hudson river, but as this lake is small and the stream issuing 

 therefrom is also small, in a discussion of water power the larger 

 lakes at lower elevations are preferably taken. The length of the 

 stream, measured roughly along its course, is something like 285 

 miles. 



Hudson river, with its principal tributary, the Mohawk, is the 

 most important river of the State. From its mouth to Troy, a 

 distance of over 150 miles, it is a great inland estuaTy subject 

 to tidal action, and because of its great length and the large 

 fresh-water inflow, it is unique among inland estuaries. From 

 the first landing of the Dutch on Manhattan Island to the present 

 time it has been an important channel of commerce. On his 

 voyage of discovery in 1609 Hendrik Hudson ascended to the head 

 of tidewater, and doubtless discerned the possibilities of future 



Partially abstracted from the Report of the Water Storage Commission 

 on the Fourth or Northern Division. 



