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NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



settlement which were soon realized at Albany, Waterford and 

 Schenectady. 



When the great Dutch navigator sailed up the river, no doubt 

 as he passed on from day to day, penetrating farther and farther 

 inland, the. conviction grew upon him that he had discovered a 

 passage through the continent leading to India, nor could he have 

 overlooked the vast possibilities of trade and commerce opened 

 up, even when he finally reached the head of navigation and found 

 that the East Indian passage was after all a myth. Indeed, one 

 can imagine him saying to his companions, "What a great place 

 for navigation ! " We can imagine a company standing upon the 

 deck of his ship, gazing in silent wonder over the panorama at 

 either side, and saying to one another, " here, indeed, is the seat of 

 future empire." 



The tidal action of the Hudson river originally terminated at 

 the rapids above Troy, but its present termination is a few miles 

 below, at the Troy dam, a structure erected about 1820 as a part 

 of the State canal system. There is a lock at the east end of this 

 dam through which canal boats pass into the pool above, thus 

 enabling them to reach Lansingburg on the east side of the river, 

 or Waterford, on the west side, where they may enter the Cham- 

 plain canal. 



In ascending the river the principal streams on the east side are- 

 Harlem river, Croton river, Fishkill creek, Wappinger creek, 

 Roeliff Jansen kill, Claverack creek, Kinderhook creek, Hoosic 

 river, Battenkill, Schroon river and Boreas river. On the west 

 side, the principal streams are Murderers creek, Rondout creek, 

 Wallkill river, Esopus creek, Catskill creek, Normanskill. 

 Mohawk river, Fish creek, Sacandaga river, Indian river and 

 Cedar river. 



The principal tributaries of the Mohawk from the north are 

 Chuctenunda creek, Cayadutta creek, Garoga creek, East Canada 

 creek and West Canada creek. From the south, Schoharie creek, 

 Sauquoit creek and Oriskany creek, and from the west the Lansing 

 kill. There are tributary to both the Hudson and Mohawk rivers 

 a considerable number of smaller streams, some of which have 



