HYDROLOGY OF NEW YORK 



789 



of 71,900 feet (13.62 miles). The water surface for a 30-foot 

 channel in earth is 334 feet wide, and for a 21-foot channel 310 

 feet. The area of cross-section of a 30-foot channel is 8000 square 

 feet and for a 21-foot channel 5500 square feet. 



The tributary streams may be relied upon to keep the main 

 channel full during the winter season, even under the most ad- 

 verse conditions of winter drought. Filling in the spring may 

 be therefore left out of the account, and the problem is accord- 

 ingly simplified to a determination of the quantity required to 

 supply lockages, evaporation, percolation, gate-and-sluice-leakage 

 losses and wastage. The locks at the ends of the summit level are 

 to be 740 feet in length by 80 feet wide, with lifts of 20 feet. Also, 

 at Little Falls, 129,4G0 feet (24.52 miles) east of the east end of 

 the summit level, there are to be duplicate sets of tandem lock®, 

 with total lift of 43 feet, the lock chambers being 740 feet long by 

 60 feet in width. 



West Canada creek, which has a catchment area above its 

 mouth of 569 square miles, flows into the Mohawk river at Her- 

 kimer. The several small streams .known as Crane creek, Reels 

 creek, Knapp brook, Budlong creek, Sterling creek, Bridenbacker 

 creek and adjacent territory lying on the north side of the Mohawk 

 river and between Herkimer and the east boundary of Ninemile 

 creek area have a catchment area of 8G square miles. To the 

 east of Herkimer, on the north side of the Mohawk river, Beaver 

 brook and adjacent territory have 15 square miles, while on 

 the south side, between Utica and Little Falls, Ballou creek, 

 Factory creek, Ferguson creek, Meyer creek, Steele creek, Fulmer 

 creek and adjacent territory have a catchment area of 139 square 

 miles. The total catchment area tributary to the main deep 

 waterway between Little Falls and the east end of the summit 

 level is therefore (569 + 86 + 15 + 139) = 809 square miles. This 

 area may be expected to yield from 150 to 200 cubic feet of 

 water per second in a dry time, which will, it is believed, be 

 ample for the various losses and small additional lockage re- 

 quirement on the reach of canal between the east end of the 

 summit level and the double locks at Little Falls. 



According to data furnished by the Board of Engineers, the 

 annual traffic is assumed at 25,000,000 tons, with an assumed 

 tonnage per lockage for a 30-foot channel of 3000 tons and for a 

 21-foot channel a tonnage per lockage of 2500 tons. 



The question of water supply of canals has been so fully dis- 

 cussed elsewhere as to make it impossible to add very much 



