HYDROLOGY OF NEW YORK 



863 





(1) 



(2) 



(3) 



(4) 



Equivalent to sodium chloride 



0.26 



0.40 



0.50 



1.32 





none 



none 



none 



none 





none 



0.01 



0.20 



0.20 



Temporary hardness 



* 



22.00 



17.50 



20 . 00 



Permanent hardness 



* 



50.00 



2.50 



4.50 



Total hardness 





72.00 



20.00 



24.50 



There are a number of other springs in the vicinity of Batavia, 

 although none of them has a very large flow. The following is a 

 list of the various springs, with an estimate as to their probable 



minimum yield : 



Gallons 



Horseshoe lake 1,000.000 



Mill springs 450,000 



Harkley springs 300,000 



Shepherd springs 500,000 



Hilton and Damon springs 150,000 



Lincoln springs 200,000 



Baldwin springs 100,000 



Devil's lake 100,000 



Hamilton springs 500,000 



Total 3,300,000 



Probably all of these springs may be taken for a safe minimum 

 yield at 3,000,000 gallons in twenty-four hours, although this is 

 an estimate merely, based on experience, no weir measurements 

 having been made. 



At Williamsville, near Buffalo, there is a spring flowing at the 

 rate of 2,000,000 or 3,000,000 gallons per day, which probably 

 issues from the horizon of the gypsum. At a number of other 

 places in western New York springs appear, specially along the 

 ridge at the foot of which is the gypsum belt, but the waters 

 issuing are so hard as to render it undesirable to use them. A 

 marked case of this character is near Akron, wiiere an excavation 

 developed a flow of 3,000,000 or 4,000,000 gallons per clay, but 

 of which the permanent hardness was equal to one part in a 

 thousand. 



♦Not determined. 



