236 Forty-second Report on tee State Museum. [94] 



repeated, should suffice for its recognition when met with upon the 

 elm. In it, a, shows the eggs as they are deposited in clusters 

 on the leaf; b, the larvae; c, the beetle in natural size; e, the eggs 

 enlarged; /, their sculpture under a high magnifying power; g, the 

 larva in about twice its natural size; h, a side view of the segment of 

 the larva; i, dorsal view of the same; j and h t the pupa and the beetle 

 enlarged; I, a portion of the wing-cover of the beetle enlarged. 



Its European Reputation. 

 This species has long been known as, at times, quite injurious to 

 the foliage of elms in Europe, but it nowhere appears to have 

 occasioned even an approach to the amount of harm that it has in 

 this country. Linnaeus wrote of it over a century ago, in 1767, and 

 named it Chrysomela Galmariensis, from its occurrence in Calmaria, a 

 small sea-port town in Sweden. 



Introduction in the United States. 



It was introduced in this country, according to Glover, as early as 

 the year 1837, but probably several years earlier than this, for it is 

 recorded that in 1838 and 1839, elms in Baltimore and the vicinity 

 were entirely stripped of their leaves in midsummer, and when new 

 leaves had again put forth, these were also destroyed by a second 

 brood of the grubs. Such a degree of multiplication could not have 

 taken place in less time than six or eight years. 



Its Ravages. 



It has proved very destructive in the District of Columbia, in 

 various portions of New Jersey, and in Pennsylvania. Later, it 

 made its appearance upon the elms in the State of New York, and 

 has wrought great havoc among them. 



In 1879, it appeared in immense numbers at Newburgh, N. Y., and 

 almost entirely stripped the foliage from the elms that it attacked. 

 (American Entomologist, iii, 1880, p. 3.) 



The New York Daily Tribune, of July 8, 1884, contained the following 

 picture of the destructions caused by this insect on Long Island: 



Work of Elm-tree Beetles. — Flushing, L. I., is suffering from an 

 insect plague which bids fair to mar the renowned arborial beauties 

 of the village. A few days ago it was noticed that the leaves on sev- 

 eral stately trees in Main street were withering. A more careful 

 examination resulted in the discovery that the trees were covered from 

 trunk to topmost branch with little worms about half an inch long. 

 On the ground under the trees were thousands of dead insects which 

 had been blown off and trodden upon by pedestrians, making a most 

 disgusting sight. All the trees in every part of the village are being 



