314 



1. We must not be content merely to copy nature, but 

 we must separate what is accidental from what is the ideal 

 of nature, and follow not what is accidental and often de- 

 fective, but what is the ultimate idea. 



2. Everything must be adapted to the locality, for a style 

 of treatment that would be suitable in one locality would 

 be inappropriate in another. Just as in painting, harmony 

 must be preserved ; a painting of noon must not be the 

 accompaniments of morning; so, in gardening, we must 

 make one ornamentation to conform with the contour of 

 the land, which can not be altered. 



Landscape gardening may be divided into two styles, 

 which will include nearly all kinds of treatment. These 

 are the graceful and the 'picturesque. The graceful is adapted 

 to smooth, free, rolling ground, and the trees and plants 

 must be made to suit ; when water is introduced, the mar- 

 gins must be smooth and gently declining ; the walks 

 must wind gently and abrupt and angular turns must be 

 avoided. The picturesque is adapted to irregular, broken 

 ground, steep descents, sudden waterfalls. Banks of water 

 must be broken and rocky; trees less regular; streams 

 rocky. The two styles are related to each other as the 

 Gothic and Grecian styles of architecture. In both, we 

 must aim at unity, harmony and variety. 



The materials are abundant to produce these effects. The 

 American forests furnish trees in profusion. 



Mr. Bradish enumerated many varieties of trees and 

 shrubs which can be used for these purposes, and described 

 the characteristics which would fit them for particular 

 localities. 



At the close of this paper, on motion of Dr. Yanderpoel, 

 the thanks of the Institute were unanimously presented to 

 Prof. Bradish for his paper. 



The application of Col. Jewett to purchase a coin in the 

 Institute collection was, on motion, declined, although the 

 offer on Col. Jewett's part was liberal. 



