SUPPLEMENTARY PLATE TO THE MAMMALIA. 



In my Introduction to the Ornithology of Cuvier, I added a new genus of 

 Cheiroptera, established subsequently to the publication of my " Analysis of 

 the Natural Classifications of Mammalia;' 1 '' and I have now to adjoin the 

 imperfect descriptions of two new fossil genera of Pachydermata, to be 

 inserted in page 72. 



1. Elasmotherium. Cuvier. The jaw in its present state, has 4 grinders, 

 regularly increasing in size, and a trace of the alveolus of a fifth (fig. 1.) : the 

 teeth are prismatic like those of a full grown horse, the length is double the 

 width of the crown, and the base is not divided into fangs, fig. 2-4. The 

 Elasmotherium is distinguished from all other animals ; first, by the plates of 

 its teeth forming a very elevated pillar, (which increases like that of the horse 

 and preserves its prismatic form a long time), descending vertically throughout 

 its length, and not dividing into roots until after a considerable time ; whilst 

 in other animals, these plates unite very soon into a single bony body, which 

 is almost immediately divided into roots. The three transverse oblique bands, 

 fig. 2. 3. result from double plates of enamel, with a bony substance between, 

 and, apparently, united with the other bands by a cement or third substance, 

 as in the Elephant. The remains of this animal were found in Siberia ; and 

 from the dimensions of its jaw, it must have been larger than the Rhinoceros. 



2. Lophiodon. Cuvier. 6 incisor and 2 canine teeth to each jaw ; 7 

 grinders on each side in the upper, and 6 on each side in the lower jaw, with 

 an interval between the canine and the first grinder; points in which it 

 resembles the Tapir, but the lastlower grinder has a third ridge (fig. 5.) which 

 is not f ouud in the teeth of the Tapir. Again, the anterior lower grinders are 

 not furnished with transverse ridges like those of the Tapir, but present a lon- 

 gitudinal series of tubercles, or a single conical and isolated tubercle. The 

 upper grinders having the transverse ridges more oblique, approach those of 

 the Rhinoceros , but the fangs of the ridges are wanting. In some species 

 the ridges of the anterior grinders, becoming more oblique and more arched, 

 fig. 6, approach that form of crescent peculiar to the teeth of the Daman and 

 Rhinoceros, and thus conduct us by degrees to the Palceotherium. The fol- 

 lowing are Baron Cuvier s remarks on this fossil genus, of which 12 species, 

 varying in size, have already been determined :— 



" The most important circumstances connected with these animals, as regards 

 the theory of the earth, are, that all their remains of which it has been pos- 

 sible to ascertain the site, are enveloped in stones or earths exclusively filled 

 with fresh-water shells, and consequently have been deposed in fresh 

 waters ; that the animals whose remains are found with them, are either 

 terrestial and unknown, or Crocodiles, Trionyces, and Emides, aquatic 

 animals now inhabiting the fresh waters of warm countries ; lastly, that in 

 several well determined spots, these beds are covered by others of a decidedly 

 marine origin. 



" Consequently, the genus Lophiodon combines with the Palatotherium 

 and Anoplotherium, and other unknown genera which I shall hereafter 

 describe, to demonstrate the certitude of an anterior state of an animal 

 creation which occupied the surface of our present continents, and especially 

 France ; and of an irruption of the sea which destroyed this race, to cover 

 its remains with rocks of a recent origin. 1 ' • — > Ossemens Fossiles. torn. ii. 

 p. 222. nouv. edit. 



