Oct. 20, 1887.] 



FOREST AND STREAM. 



WHICH WILL YOU HAVE? 



Editor Forest awl Stream: 



It would seem of but trilling weight, m view of recent events, 

 whether Volunteer and Thistle, are called cutters or sloops. Their 

 rig is practically identical, each type having borrowed something 

 from the other, until, so far as their rig goes, it appears that 

 perfection is nearly reached. 



The vital question is why does Volunteer show such a very 

 decided superiority in windward work and staunchness over 

 Thistle? 



Regarded from a purely artistic point of view, Thistle is perhaps 

 the most beautiful and fairest piece of naval designing over seen 

 in our waters, and the man who could produce such a work de- 

 serves something other than bitter disappointment. Yet, she has 

 been very badly beaten, and not only this, but everything indicates 

 that in heavy weather her defeat would have been far more 

 thorough, for "on last Friday it must have been evident to even the 

 most prejudiced adherent to heavy displacement that Thistle was 

 sailing in the weather that best suited her, while Volunteer just 

 rollicked along, making mere play of what to Thistle was a tough 

 struggle for that which was way beyond her power of reaching. 



Here we have two boats of same length and rig. For the purpose 

 of argument we will call one a cutter, the other a sloop. 



The first has lines as beautiful as the eye or brain can imagine. 

 She draws about 14ft. of water, and her ballast is, say, 13ft. below 

 her waterliue. Her beam is 20ft., and the admirers of her type 

 have, fortunately, in advance indorsed her as a perfect sample of 

 what a cutter ought to be, when the designer is un trammeled by 

 any restrictions whatever. . , 



On the other baud is a sloop, 3ft. wider, of 4ft. less draft, and 

 with her ballast 4ft. nearer the level ot her waterline. But. the 

 radical difference between the two is, that the sloop has a center- 

 board and immense buoyancy, lifting power, in a bilge close to 

 the water's surface. And, mv deluded cut ter friends, ft was sim- 

 ply exhilarating to see the way in which that high bilge and that 

 big centcrboard were lifting her out to windward on every surge, 

 while the cutter was hopelessly sagging a-lec, and not going 

 through the water so fast as the sloop either. 



1 hear that the thorough little yachtswoman, Mrs. BeU, honestly 

 admitted that "the centcrboard did it." 



Gentlemen, will you be as candid as this lady? 



Thistle has done all that is in her to do. Volunteer has not. 

 Give the latter her large mainsail, and in the weather of last Fri- 

 day she will beat Thistle three-quarters of an hour over the same 

 course. Thomas Cdapham. 



Roslyn, L. I., Oct. 2. 



[Volunteer did carry her largest mainsail, but the. old boom, in 

 both races. Our correspondent is probably in error as to the dif- 

 ference in draft of the two, the figures being approximately 13 and 

 Wy&f t., instead of 14 and 10.] 



FRAME IT BROADLY. 



Editor For cut and Stream: 



Allow me to indorse the sentiments expressed in your last issue 

 relative to the proposed revision of the deed of gift.. The writer is 

 one of the many who have been hoping that the N. Y. Y. C. would 

 take some action in the adoption of amendments such as you sug- 

 gest. I trust the near future will see them in force and that the 

 new rules will be broadly framed with a view to. the best interests 

 of yachting. 



An open course for a seagoing vessel should ho one of the condi- 

 tions. The experience of the past three years is almost a guaran- 

 tee that one ot the changes made will be in this particular, and 

 for such let us be thankful. An annual parade may be a good 

 thing in its way, but the occasion of an important mat eh should 

 place it in the background. 



The third count you offer might bo amended to state that 

 the sailing rules under which the Cup is now sailed for shall at 

 all times govern contests for it. They are fair enough for anyone 

 and should another club win the Cup why not bold it subject to 

 the same sailing rules as those under which it was won. Should 

 time and experience make it advisable for the N. Y r . Y. C. to alter 

 these rules while the Cup was in custody of another club, allow a 

 proviso that the revised rules may he accepted subject to the cou- 

 sent of the club holding it. 



The fourth count I cannot accept as it now reads. In making 

 the waterline length an essential an injustice may be done a 

 challenger. No one will deny that had Volunteer not turned out 

 as good as she was when first tried, alterations in her sail and trim 

 would have been made without regard to measurements, and 

 every expedient would have been resorted to in order to improve 

 her. To compel a challenger to sail on a fixed waterliue is to 

 debar him from this privilege, and his vessel might not appear at 

 her best. The idea you offered two weeks ago is a vast improve- 

 ment, namely that classification is a better guarantee of fair play. 

 Let the deed of gift name various classes and rigs, as 1st, 2d, 3d, 

 etc., of given waterline lengths, within which the possessor of the 

 Cup may be contested, the challenger to elect in which class he 

 will race, the challenged guaranteeing to meet him with a vessel 

 of the same class, and I think the difficulty would be done away 

 with. Each party could experiment at will within the class limits, 

 no hindrance to any chances of victory would intervene, equal 

 privileges would be given to both, a fair field afforded and no favor 

 asked. , Spera. 



THE SIZE OF CUP CHALLENGERS. 



.Editor Forest and Stream: 



In a late issue, speaking of the beating of centerboards, you say, 

 "Given unlimited draft and the thing can be done." Soon after 

 the races Mr. Burgess was reported as saying that he did not see 

 how keel boats, unless given greater draft than they had been 

 given so far, could compete with centerboards to windward, 

 • or words to that effect. If enough draft cannot be had in the 

 ' first class, why risk another defeat there, but why not try the 

 second or third classes, where enough draft can be had? The 

 Fokest and Stheam has given many reasons for haying the Cup 

 races in the second class, which seem to apply with more force to 

 the third. In this class a boat of the Pappoose type might he 

 built, with plenty of beam, draft, ballast and sail on a moderate 

 weight. What such craft can do has heen shown by the wonder- 

 ful beatings which the Pappoose, sailed by an amateur, has given 

 ■ the fastest centerboards in Eastern waters, sailed by an expert. 

 A boat of this type, of about 50ft. waterline, would probably be 

 just over 30 Y. R. A. tons and might draw lift. 



Cannot the challenger build to any class they wish over 30 tons 

 and would not the defender probably be of the same waterline as 

 the challenger? Sternpost. 



Boston, pot. 11. 



[It has never been decided that a challenging yacht will be 

 matched only by a defender of her own length, and it is at least 

 possible that if a second class yacht were sent out she would be 

 met with Volunteer, in spite of her size. The third class yacht 

 proposed above would be too small, the limit being 30 tons, Custom 

 House measurement, not Y. R. A. It is probable that in view of 

 the success of the Puritan, Mayflower and Volunteer in the large 

 class, the holders of the Cup will prefer to retain the competition 

 in this class, and that a challenger building a smaller yacht will 

 have to take the risk of being matched against a large one.] 



SPEEDWELL.— Mr. Henry Bryant has selected this name for 

 his new schooner yacht, now building by Smith at South Boston, 

 from the owner's designs. It will be remembered that the Speed- 

 well was the first vessel from England after the Mayflower. The 

 new yacht will be 107ft. over all, 90ft. l.w.l., 33 ft. Oin. beam, 13ft. 

 draft. The freeboard at bow will be 9ft. 6in., and least freeboard 

 3ft. lliu. The ballast will be 55 tons, of which 35 will be on her 

 keel. The mainmast will be 63ft. deck to hounds, topmast 31ft. 

 above cap, mastheads 9ft., main boom 65ft., gaff 37ft., bowsprit, 

 outboard, 36ft. The frames will be of oak, double spaced 33in., 

 and the planking of 3in. yellow pine, with garboards and two 

 strakes above of oak. The yacht is intended solely for cruising. 

 ; DEATH OF LADY BRASSEY.— This lady, the wife of Sir 

 Thomas Brassey, so well known to yachtsmen through her inter- 

 esting books, the "Cruise of the Sunbeam," "Sunshine and Storm 

 in the East," and other yachting cruises, died on board the Sun- 

 beam on Sept. 14. and was buried at sea. The yacht was then on 

 a voyage from Australia to England. Lady Brassey was a most 

 enthusiastic sailor and had visited neaiiy all parts of the world in 

 the Sunbeam. 



THE "BURGESS" FISHERMAN. — This new craft, which will 

 be set afloat in a few weeks, will differ in many respects from the 

 old fishing schooners. She. will have steel wire shrouds in place 

 of iron, a single round stick for a bowsprit, with one jib, spreaders 

 to the bowsprit shrouds, quarto rli.'. j on the main boom, and a 

 double mainsheet. The keel is also double the depth of the old 

 boats. 



CHALLENGES FOR. THE CUP. -In addition to Mr. Sweet's 

 notice of a challenge it is reported that Mr. John Jameson, of 

 Dublin, owner of Irex and formerly of Samoena, has sent to the 

 New York Y r . C. a notice of a challenge. Nothing further is re- 

 ported in relation to a challenge from Nova Scotia. 



THE LEWIS TENT VENTILATOR. 



THE "LITERARY WORLD" says of Kunhardt's "Steam 

 Yachts": "Now that the yacht races are over and the yachting 

 season is drawing to a close, the practical yachtsman, whether 

 he owns a sailing vessel or belongs to the already large and 

 rapidly growing class of steam yachtsmen, is beginning to make 

 his plans for next season. The latter class particularly will be 

 interested in this new book just published by the Forest and 

 Stream Publishing Company. It is, to the best of our knowledge, 

 the only practical work on steam yachts that will be compre- 

 hended by the beginner, and at the same time bold the attention 

 and teach something new to the oldest veteran in the art of con- 

 structing and managing a marine engine, and of building a hull 

 for it to propel." 



TUCKUPS.— In answer to the inquiries as to these boats a cor- 

 respondent sends the address of James Wignall, opposite Cramp's 

 dry dock, Philadelphia, as a reliable builder. In sailing free the 

 peak is dropped 3 or 3in., and one man is stationed to tend topping 

 lift, which is double. He sets up as the boat rolls so as to keep the 

 boom out of the water, at the same time being careful not to raise 

 the boom too high or it is apt to lift and allow the sail to wrap 

 around the mast, making what tuckup sailors term a "gafftop- 

 sail." 



JULIA.— This steel schooner building for Mr. C. W.Chapin, will 

 be launched at Harlan & Hollingsworth's yard, Wilmington, at 

 5 P. M. on Saturday. About 45 tons of her lead has been cast in 

 the trough keel while on the stocks. 



A NEW STEAM YACHT.— Mr. Henry Piopgrass has lately 

 completed a design for a large seagoing steam yacht for Messrs. 

 Woodward and Stillman, who will sell their present yacht, 

 Wanda. 



GRAYLING.— The new railway at Lawley's will be completed 

 shortly and Grayling will be the first vessel hauled on it. Her 

 tanks and ballast have been removed and she now lies at Lawley's. 



SHAMROCK— Mr. Maxwell's yacht was out on Mumm's ways 

 last, week for more lead, 5 tons, on keel, increasing her draft 

 about 6in. 



No Notice Taken of Anonymous Correspondents. 



J. J. B., Saratosa, Cal.— See our advertising columns. 



F. L. R.— Do not use shot in the rifle. The Lyman sight is the 

 best. 



C. D., Freeland, Pa.— There are hotels at Milford, and you can- 

 find guides there. 



B. F. M.— Use a cast net or dip net. Write to any one of the Ash- 

 ing tackle dealers, and they will furnish what you need. 



M. O., Carrollton, O.— Go to some of the stations on the Detroit, 

 Mackinac & Marquette Railroad, in vicinity of Munising or Ish- 

 penning. 



P. D.— How much does a bullet rise, with the usual charge of 

 powder and lead, at Creedmoor at a 1,000yds. distance? Ans. 

 About 35ft. 



O. H.— There is a wide diversity of tastes, as shown by extended 

 discussions in our gun columns. Something about .40cal. will give 

 satisfaction; and you may decide for yourself whether to have a 

 repeater or a single shot arm. 



G. W. R., Yale University.— 1. Stalking and still-hunting are 

 synonymous. 2. The English and the European partridge and the 

 American quail are distinct. 3. Elk and wapiti are different 

 names applied to the same animal, Cervus canadensis. 



F. W. G., New York.— Will you kindly give me the names of 

 some of our swiftest swimming fish, such as trout, black bass, etc.? 

 Ans. We know of no data to base any estimate of the speed of 

 fishes on. The lobster can move about as rapidly as anything in 

 the water. 



C. R. V., Penn Yam— The dimensions of the Creedmoor (National 

 Rifle Association) targets: First Class, up to and including 300yds. 

 — Bullseye, circular, Sin. diam.; center, circular, 26in.; inner, circu- 

 lar, 40in.; outer, remainder of target. 2. Second Class, to be used 

 at all distances over 300 to and including 600yds.; target 6 x 6ft.— 

 Bullseye. circular, 22in. diam.; center, circular, Ssin.; inner, circu- 

 lar, 54in.; outer, remainder of target. 3. First Class, to be used at 

 all distances over 600yds.; target 6 x 12ft.— Bullseye, circular, 36in. 

 diam.; center,eircular, 54in.; inner, square, fixfift.; outer, remainder 

 of target. The couut and circles of the Massachusetts decimal 

 and the standard targets are: 



Mass. Decimal. 

 Count diam. of circles. Standard. 



10 3 in. 3.36in. 



9 5^in. 5.54in. 



8 8 in. S.OOin. 



1 lOWin. ll.OOin. 



6 12Min. 14.80in. 



5 16J4in. 18.68in. 



4 20^iu. 2d.00in. 



3 26 in. 34.32in. 



2 33 in. 41.96in. 



1 miin. 4x6ft. area. 



We cannot supply the specimen copy. 



tynamtg. 



Address all communications to the Forest and. Stream Pub. Co. 



Secretaries of canoe clubs are requested to send to Forest and 

 Stream their addresses, with name, membership, signal, etc., of 

 their clubs, and also notices in advance of meetings and races, and 

 report of the same. Canoeists and all interested in canoeing are 

 requested to forward to Forest and Stream their addresses, with 

 logs of cruises, maps, and information concerning their local 

 waters, drawings or descriptions of boats and fittings, and all items 

 relating to the sport. 



6. Oakland, Edwards Cup.^ 

 4. Oakland, Edwards Cup. 



FIXTURES. 



November. 



AMERICAN CANOE ASSOCIATION. 



Officebs, 1S86-87. 

 Commodore: R. J. Wilkin, Brooklyn, N. T. 

 Secretary-Treasurer: W», iff. Carter, Trenton, N. J. 

 Offtcbks-Et.ect 1S87-88. 



Commodore: R. W. Gibson / iii... v 



Secretary-Treasurer: F. L. Mix. J AiDa »y> •« • * • 

 Vice-Coni. Rear-Corn. Purser. 



Central Bi v.. Henry Stanton.. .R. W. Bailey E.W. Brown, 146 B'way, N. Y. 



Eastern Dl v.. L. Q. Jones Geo. M. Barney W. B. Davidson, Hartford. 



N'i.h....-,i Di'.' i T. f... .' in t. W. ■■ • >.". ■" r "!, ... ; .i;,,-" . : 



Applications for membership must be made to division pursers, accom- 

 panied by the recommendation of an active member and the sum of §2.00 

 for entrance fee and dues for current, year ($1.00). Every member attending 

 the general A. C. A. camp shall pay SI. JO for camp expenses. Application 

 sent to the See'.v-Trea*.. will be forwarded by him to the proper Division. 



Persons residing in the Central Di vision wishing to become members of 

 the A. C. A., will be furnished with printed forms of application by address- 

 ing the Purser. 



THE LEWIS TENT VENTILATOR. 



THIS new device, invented by Patrick Lewis, of Quebec, Can- 

 ada, has been brought to our notice by J. U. Gregory, Esq., of 

 that city, well known to our readers as a sportsman; and ho 

 sends us the accompanying printed description of the new device, 

 as seen by a reporter at the Provincial Exhibition: "Those who 

 from necessity or pleasure have used tents have had a realizing 

 sense of the trouble, discomfort and often worse which this inex- 

 pensive invention is designed to obviate. There is nothing more 

 disagreeable and frequently more dangerous to the health in tent 

 life than for the inmates to have to turn out in stormy weather or 

 in the dead of a cold rainy night to slacken the halliards of their 

 canvas abode. This job. as every camper-out knows, is anything 

 but a pleasant one; but it cannot be shirked. At least such has 

 hitherto been the general experience. All the tightening, slack- 

 ing or readjusting have had to he done from the outside and, as 

 already said, only too often under conditions as to weather which 

 make the duty a pain, if not a danger. By means of Mr. Lewis's 

 simple contrivance, however, all this may be done away with in the 

 future without moving out of the tent, without touching a single 

 rope, the inmates can at any moment tighten or slacken the canvas 

 from the interior. This desideratum is effected by the tent pole, 

 which is made in two sections, telescoping into each other and 

 carrying a screw and nut, by means of which the pole can be 

 raised or lowered and the canvas tightened or loosened as required. 

 It is needless to point out to connoisseurs the immense advantages 

 of this improvement, and we therefore say no more on the subject 

 except to invite personal inspection of it in actual operation. By 

 this admirable invention Mr. Lewis also realizes another great 

 desideratum of tent life, namely, thorough ventilation without 

 exposing the inmates to discomforts attending the present unsatis- 

 factory modes of ventilation. By means of his simple contrivance, 

 which consists of two movable hoods that can be wholly or par- 

 tially opened or closed from the interior of the tents, the most 

 complete circulation of fresh air is secured, the exterior hood also 

 acting as an awning to exclude sun or rain, and as windows to 

 shoot from or to supply a view of the surroundings. Both these 

 important inventions are adjustable to any form of tent, and cer- 

 tainly deserve the widest adoption. 



"If the halliards of a tent slacken or if the canvas becomes 

 loose, the tightening and readjusting have hitherto heen done 

 from the outside. In stormy weather or on a cold rainy night, it 

 is far from pleasant to have to turn out and expose yourself to 

 the weather while slacking the halliards of the tent. The tent 

 pole shown in cut furnishes the means of tightening or slacking 

 the tent from the interior. The upper section of the pole tele- 

 scopes into the lower, carries a screw and by means of a nut bear- 

 ing on the top of the lower section of the pole it can be raised or 

 lowered as required, A jointed handle is pivoted to the nut and 

 is held by a spring in a position at right angles to the pole or par- 

 allel with it. This keeps it stationary in either the working 

 position or out of the way as desired. 



"The ventilator consists of two movable hoods that can be 

 opened or closed from the interior of the tent. The inner one by 

 an endless cord can be opened or shut or kept partially opened as 

 desired, while the exterior hood acts as an awning to exclude the 

 sun or rain. With this ventilator occupants of the tent may smoke 

 without giving offense, as there is always a current of fresh air. 

 When cold the ventilator can be entirely closed. 



