484 



FOREST AND STREAM. 



[Dec. 29, 1887. 



INTERIOR PLAN CUTTER "PILGRIM." 



Lawsou, Wild and Rogers first; 3 pair blackbirds, Snow and Wild 

 first. 



The annual meeting of the Wellington Gnn Club was beld on 

 Dec. 19, at the range at Wellington, and it was attended by a large 

 number of members. During the day members indulged in a 

 grand shoot. The treasurer's report showed the club to be out of 

 debt and and with a large balance in the treasury. After the 

 business meeting supper was served by Caterer J. A. Dill, The 

 following officers were elected: President. Herman Strater; Vice- 

 President, H. C. Warren; Secretary. R. V. Schaefer; Treasurer, 

 J. S. Sawyer; Executive Committee, William E. Perry. 



NEW JERSEY. — The Flenrington Trap-Shooting Tournament 

 Association will hold a big tournament on the Fair Grounds, in 

 Flemington, on Jan. 10, 11, 12 and 13. The matches and sweep- 

 stakes will be open to all comers, and special inducements will 

 be offered that will draw expert snap shots from all over the 

 country. ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ 



Small YacliU. By C. P. Kunhardt. Price $7. Steam Yachts and 

 Launches. By C. P. Kunhardt. Price $3. Yachts, Boats and 

 Canoes. By 0. Stansftdd-Htcks. Price $8.60. Steam Machinery. By 

 Donaldson. Price $1.50, 



THE CRUISING CUTTER PILGRIM. 



TN ANY yacht that may be properly called a "single-bander" the 

 J. question of room is always of the first importance, and the 

 division and arrangement of the interior so as best to utilize the 

 necessarily limited space, is a serious problem. The cabin plan 

 must depend on the size of the boat, the number of the crew, and 

 the class of work they are fitting out for, and must vary in each 

 case; but as a ceneral rule the fewer bulkheads and divisions in a 

 boat under 30ft. l.w.l. the more room will be obtained. Many 

 small boats of this class have been fitted up after plans which 

 look very well on paper, but with the result that there was no 

 room for the crew alter the furniture was in place. If the boat is 

 to be sailed absolutely single-handed, only one on board, there 

 will be in all probability room enough, but certain special arrange- 

 ments will be necessary. The crew of one, who is cook as well as 

 steersman, must be able to reach everything he is likely to need 

 when under wav without leaving the cockpit for a moment longer 

 than necessary." To this end the water faucet, stores and cooking 

 apparatus will be placed just within the cabin, at the after end of 

 course, so that cooking may go on with the crew ready to glance 

 about through the open hatch, or to gain the deck in a moment. 

 The bed or hammock will bo forward, well under deck and away 

 from the companion, which is open more or less in wet weather, 

 but oilcoats, spare gear, lamps and oil and similar stuff will be 

 stowed either under deck about the cockpit or in the after end of. 

 the cabin. 



There are few singlehanders of over 20ft., however, which arc 

 constantly used alone, the owner usually having one or two 

 friends with him, in which case a different arrangement is 

 desirable. The lockers or transoms roust be used to sleep two or 

 more of the crew, while the galley will be in the usual place, for- 

 ward of the mast. A curtain may be used to shut off this part at 

 night, but no standing bulkheads are necessary, and they should 

 be avoided as subdividing the already limited space too much. 

 In the Pilgrim the space was very small even for the regular 

 crew, a man and three boys, and when two men were added, as at 

 times was the case, one is apt to wonder where they were stowed. 

 The general arrangement below is shown in the accompanying 

 plans, and is described as follows by Dr. Winslow in the opening 

 chapter of his first cruise; . . 



"The cabin was arranged according to a plan I hit upon m cogita- 

 ting over how I could make more sleeping room, and is somewhat 

 unique and just adapted to a small cruiser. The whole interior 

 of the boat was left open from the eyes to the run. An oil stove 

 was fitted upon a shelf in the fore peak; a shelf above and a cross 

 piece below furnished two good storage places. A series of divided 

 and railed shelves for dishes and stores was built upon the star- 

 board side as far as the transom, yet leaving room for passage 

 between them and the foremast. The port transom was lengthened 

 when necessary by a grating seat that reached past the foremast 

 and furnished a seat for the cook, and bedroom, but when not in 

 use was buttoned back against the sheathing. A small hatch was 

 placed in the deck over this for ventilation and cooling off. The 

 transoms were ISin. wide, a foot high, and extended from just 

 abaft the foremast clear into the run. Their inside space made 

 four large lockers, their tops were covered by 4in. thick cushions 

 for seats, and being 12ft. in length, they made two good beds on 

 each side, end on. 



"A bulkhead only a foot deep formed the finish of the. forward 

 past of the cockpit inside and the after limit of the cabin proper 5 



and, being cut through at each end, it gave a long locker for guns, 

 etc., upon each side of the cockpit, beneath the deck proper. Just 

 below this, close up to the cockpit floor, the square 84gal. water 

 tank was cased in, having a faucet in its anterior face. There 

 was room beneath the tank and between the transoms for a goodly 

 sized ice-box, and the gangway steps covered all. The remaining 

 space under the cockpit behind the tank was cased up and made 

 a good locker upon each side, leaving a passage upon each tran- 

 som alongside of the tank and locker, about 2ft. square, clear into 

 the run, which was lighted by two bullseye.s set in the deck. This 

 admirable arrangement not only afforded lots of snug and warm 

 leg room for the two after beds, but left the whole run open to the 

 cabin for stores, sails, etc., without cutting an after hatch. The 

 value of these lateral passages for storing bedclothes and over- 

 coats, etc., temporarily during the day was incalculable, and the 

 amount of camp equipage and stores that little Jack stowed in the 

 run loaded a down-east truck team. ' 



"The stern was narrow and the overhang of cutter type, there- 

 fore the room behind the rudder post was tongue-shaped. At the 

 extreme stern lav a rolled shelter (rent which Jack had packed m 

 closely, vet I. a 5ft. 9in. man. weighing 1G51bs., and a little stiff 

 from rheumatism, crawled back upon the port transom with arm 

 extended, and succeeded in getting two lingers hold of the cloth 

 and pulled it out. 



"The head room was 4ft. 6in., enough for any one to dress in, 

 and one could also push back the gangway slide and extend his 

 length and caput to the gale if he so desiresl. More would have 

 been preferable, but when one reflects that it necessitates m such 

 a singlehand yacht a higher trunk and more surface exposed to 

 the wind and sea, and elevation of the main boom and sails, and 

 an excursion barge style, one will prefer a little genuflexion. 



"The store room, kitchen and reception room having been con- 

 sidered, itonlv remains to describe the latter when fitted up as a 

 bedroom. The cushioned transoms were covered with bed 

 clothes, hauled out of the run, two pillows were placed side by 

 side across their middle, so that the sleepers should lie head to 

 head; a short mattress was laid upon the floor. 2ft. 6m. wide, from 

 foremast aft, and another bed made upon it. This still left room at 

 its foot for undressing, and the clothes were placed under the 

 pillows to make them higher. Thus this little 25ft. vessel afforded 

 complete and comfortable hotel accommodations for five persons, 

 and when one was kept on watch, for six— unprecedented in so 

 small a craft. There was a 261b. working anchor with 20 fathoms 

 of riding rope and a 421bs. anchor with 30 fathoms of rope for 

 heavy weather.and this latt er saved us from going ashore and let us 

 sleep in confidence many nights, for winds and currents are 

 treacherous. A light 12ft. cedar boat towing astern completed 

 our outfit." , 



The height mentioned, 4ft. 6in., is under companion slide; the 

 head room under center of trunk is 4ft. 2in. 



The details of construction are not all from actual measure- 

 ments, but are given as examples of the general practice m this 

 class of boat. Many small craft have been built from the lines 

 previously published in the Forest and Stream, in parts of the 

 country remote from yachting centers, and as the construction 

 differs from that of the small beamy sloop or open catboat, the 

 following specifications will be useful to builders familiar only 

 with the latter: The keel will be sided 6in., moulded 6in. The 

 stem will be of an oak or even hackmatack knee, if one can be ob- 

 tained, otherwise it will be built up from three or more pieces of 

 plank. The siding will be 3in , moulding at head lOin. No apron 

 will be needed, but a. breast hook, also a knee, will be worked for- 

 ward, and well bolted through stem and wales. Filling pieces as 

 thick as the frames will be required in the two frame spaces on 

 each side covered by the ends of the breast hook. The sternpost 

 will be sided 3in., moulded about 3in. at bead and 9in. at the heel. 

 The keel in this case is tenoned into it. The deadwoods, keel and 

 stem are bolted, as shown, with %in. galvanized iron bolts, 

 clinched over rings. The floors will be oak knees, sided Sin., 

 bolted to the keel with two %in. bolts. 



The weight of the lead or iron keel is carried mainly by a keel- 

 son worked over the throats of the floors, as shown, the keel bolts, 

 liu., setting uo on top of it. The keelson as shown is of oak or 

 yellow pine, 23^x4in. One objection to a keelson is that, while 

 strengthening the boat very much, it prevents the stowage of any 

 large amount of inside ballast, as is sometimes desirable. To 

 overcome this difficulty the keelson itself is sometimes of cast-iron, 

 giving weight low down as well as strength. In cases like the 

 present the keelson may be east of such shape as to fit over the 

 floors and at the same time to project down between themto the 

 keel, giving still greater weight. The only point to look out for in 

 such an arrangement is the passage of all water to the pump well, 

 good limber holes in the heels of the timbers and a slight descent 

 to the keel when afloat in proper trim, so that all water may be 

 removed by the pump. The latter is placed in the cockpit floor, 

 the pioe running to bilge not being shown. ' 



All frames are sided l%in. aud moulded 2J4m. at heels and lj&n. 

 at heads. In the middle of the boat they are double, as shown, 

 but forward of the mast and abaft the post they are single. The 

 heels are boxed or mortised into the stem and deadwoods and 

 bolted fast. The spacing of the single frames is about 15in., of the 

 double frames 16in. The stern construction is clearly shown, the 

 counter is carried by two horn timbers, 134x5^in., bolted to the 



sternpost and after deadwood. The space between the horn tim- 

 bers is sufficient to admit the two sides of the rudder-trunk, m 

 addition to the sternpost. chocks or filling pieces being fastened 

 to the deadwoods just forward of the sternpost to bring them to the 

 required thickness. The rudder trunk is of clear and well sea- 

 soned white pine, the sides being l^in. thick. The sternpost 

 forms the fore side of the trunk and a third piece of pine the after 

 side, smiee being left below, as shown, to ship the rudder. Alter 

 the trunk is built up, canton flannel and w^hitelead being used in 

 all joints, the horn timbers are bolted in place, and a chock is 

 worked between their after ends, filling the space between them. 

 The angle between this chock and each horn timber forms the 

 rabbet for after end of plank. The planking is of lm. plank, 

 dressed on both sides before working and finally planed oft after 

 the seams are caulked, leaving it about %m. thick all over. The 

 "•liii'ips are of yellow pine in one length each, the size amidships 

 being 4 x diminishing to Sxlin. at fore end and '&&y% at after 

 end. A bilge clamp 4xl*4in. and tapering toward the ends, is 

 also worked on each side, inside the frames just over the heads of 

 the floor knees. The deck beams are sided 2J4in. and moulded 

 2in., spaced the same as the frames wherever possible. The pair 

 next the mast are joined by a filling of 3in. plank, making the 



Pa The e sole piece or partner plank is lin. thick and 12in. wide, run- 

 ning from the stem to the cabin trunk, the hole for the mast being 

 i .i.j, through it. The mast will step in a mortise 2x4iu. in the keel- 

 son. Thebitts, of oak or locust, will be bolted below deck, not 

 running down to keel. The partner plank is strengthened by a. 

 filling piece between the beams, where the bitts pass through. 

 The planksheer is of oak, lx3in., in one length and bent to shape. 

 The deck plank is lin. thick. The usual manner of decking small 

 vachts in this country is to make the planks very narrow, but 1 or 

 i}4in. wude, bending them all to the curve of the sideline. Ibis 

 method makes a larece number of seams, and is apt to result in 

 leaky decks, though it looks well in a very wide boat with a large 

 cockpit and narrow waterways, like the ordinary skimming dish. 

 Another and better method is to make the planking 2 or 2+4'". 

 wide, running exactly fore and aft, the ends being stepped into 

 the planksheer, as shown, so as to avoid feather edges. Perhaps 

 the neatest wav as well as the best is as in the drawing, the planks 

 about 3in. wide at the middle, diminishing in width toward the end 

 to correspond with the lessened breadth of the boat. In this plan 

 the manv small pieces and the fine ends that are difficult to 

 caulk are avoided. In the drawing the cabin ceiling is not shown, 

 but it will he %in. white nine. running as far fore and aft as possi- 

 ble. The lockers and shelving will be of %in. white pine. 



REPAIRS AND ALTERATIONS,— At Smith & Terry's yard. 

 Greenport, the steamer Empress is receiving a thorough over- 

 hauling. New^ cabins and fittings, repairs to engine and anew 

 sail plan with square yards on foremast. She will leave New 

 York early in April for cruise in Chesapeake Bay. The steam 

 yacht Fra Diavolo is also at Smith & Terry's, where she will be 

 lengthened 15ft. amidships and a new boiler put in. The steam 

 vaeht Magnet is also being lengthened 3ft. at the bow. . . . At Mc- 

 Giehah's yard, Pamrapo, the centerboard sloop Genia has been 

 hauled out and converted into a keel yacht. An oak keel 18m. 

 deep has been bolted on, with lead blocks cast in it. The center- 

 board and trunk have been removed. 



BEVERLEY Y. C. FIXTURES FOR 1888— July 4, Monument 

 Beach, first Buzzard's Bay championship. July 7, fcwampscott, 

 first championship. July 14, Marblehead, first open sweepstakes; 

 Monument Beach, second open sweepstakes, July 21, Monu- 

 ment Beach, third open sweepstakes. July 2b. Monument Beach, 

 second Buzzard's Bay championship. Aug. 4, Nahant, second 

 championship. Aug. 11. Monument Beach, third Buzzard's Bay 

 championship. Aug. 25, Marblehead, first open race. Sept, 1, 

 Monument Beach, second open race. Sept. 3, Marblehead . third 

 championship. Sept. 15, Monument Beach, fourth open sweep- 

 stakes. 



NO MORE CHALLENGES FROM SCOTLAND —One of the 

 eentlemen chiefly interested in Thistle writes us as follows: "I 

 Have received what is called the deed of gift, but what should 

 oronerlv be named the deed of retention, and feel sure that none 

 of the yachting men in Scotland will have another try for it until 

 the conditions are very much modified. Surely you Americans 

 are good enough now to .fight us fairly at least. I know that we 

 are not good enougli to fight you with one hand tied behind our 

 back and giving you ten months' notice of where we are going to 

 hit you." 



GERDA — This is the name chosen by Dr. C. K. Clarke for his 

 new cutter now in frame at Kingston, Ont. Gerda, according to 

 Scandinavian mythology, was the most beautiful woman in the 

 world, and the wife of the god who pressided over rain and sun- 

 shine. The cutter is 30ft. waterjine, and has received O.oCOlbs. of 

 lead on her keel, almost the entire amount of her ballast, bhe 

 will be out early in spring, and her performance will be watched 

 witb much interest, as she is a new departure in Kingston yacht* 

 ing customs, 



