70 



FOREST AND STREAM. 



[Feb. 17, 1887. 



Northville and Alpena stations; the salmon breeding and 

 trout breeding work on the McCloud River, by Mr. Stone; 

 the work in Maine in propagating Penobscot salmon and 

 Schoodic salmon, by Mr. Atkins; the shad hatching opera- 

 tions at Fort Washington station, by Lieut. Babcock; the 

 shad work at the Havre de Grace station, by Mr. Hamlen; 

 the work with oysters at the Saint Jerome station, by Mr. 

 Ravenel, and a report on the water supply of the station at 

 Wood's Holl, bv Dr, Kidder. 



The Fisheries —The fifteen papers in this section are of a 

 somewhat general, or statistical nature, giving a view of the 

 fisheries of this country and of northern Europe. The first 

 article is a report by Col. McDonald on the protection which 

 should be afforded 'by law to the fisheries of the Atlantic- 

 coast. A paper follows on the New England fishery for 

 swordfish during 1S84. by Mr. A. Howard Clark. Next comes 

 an article giving the statistics of the United States' imports 

 and exports of fish and fishing products, the tonnage of fish- 

 ing vessels, etc., for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1884, com- 

 piled by Mr. Smiley from information furnished by the 

 Bureau of Statistics. Captain Collins has an article on the 

 use of gill-nets in the cod fisheries, with a description of the 

 Norwegian cod-nets and a history of their use in the United 

 States, illustrated by twelve plates; and another paper giv- 

 ing an account of the trips of three Gloucester schooners to 

 the Iceland halibut fishing grounds. The fisheries of Ice- 

 land are treated of in four papers, each being a translation 

 from the Danish. The statistics of the Norwegian fisheries 

 in 1880 are given by Boye Strom, after which a translation 

 from the Danish on the need of a central management for 

 the Norwegian fisheries. A valuable paper is given by Dr. 

 Rudolph Lundberg on the fisheries of Sweden, illustrated 

 by a plate showing some of the kinds of apparatus used. 

 This is followed by an article from the Swedish by Prof. A. 

 V. Ljungnian on the future of the herring fisheries on the 

 coast of Bohus; and anotherfrom the Danish by Lieut. Carl 

 Trolle on salting fish in Jutland. The last paper of the 

 section is a translation from the Danish on the salting of 

 herring, giving valuable information and suggestions in 

 regard to this work. 



Fwhcultitrc,— The first of the five papers in this section is 

 a review of the failures and successes of artificial fish culture, 

 by Von der Wenyen. This is followed by a long article, by 

 Carl Nicklas, on pond culture, being specially applied to the 

 methods of carp culture in Germany, illustrated by forty- 

 four figures and provided with a table of contents and special 

 index. Next is an article by Charles W. Smiley on some 

 results of carp culture in the United States, which consists 

 mostly of statements of persons thus engaged. An article 

 by Dr. Horst, translated from the Danish, on the develop- 

 ment of the European oyster, is illustrated by two plates; 

 and is followed by a statement, translated from the Danish, 

 on oyster culture as seen at the London Fisheries Exhibition, 

 by S. A. Buch. 



Scientific Investigation.— Of the five papers in this section 

 the first is a report by J. Walter Fewkes, on the Medusa? col- 

 lected by the Albatross in the Gulf region in 1883-4, ill us- 

 trated by ten plates. The next is an article on the origin of 

 haterocercy and the evolution of the fins and fin rays of 

 fishes, illustrated by eleven plates and eight figures, by John 

 A. Ryder. Messrs. Chittenden and Cummins furnish a 

 paper on the relative digestibility of fish flesh in gastric 

 mice, with tables of their experiments. Two translations 

 from the German follow: the first on the migrations of eels, 

 by Dr. Hermes, and the second being a contribution to the 

 natural history of parasites as affecting certain kinds of fish, 

 by Dr. Herbert. 



Miscellaneous,— In this section is a statement of the status 

 of the U. S. Fish Commission in 1884. by G. Brown Goode; 

 while the appendix is concluded by a paper from the Ger- 

 man on the results of the London Fisheries Exhibition in 

 their practical value for Germany, by Dr. Benecke, being a 

 general review of the subject and of the articles exhibited. 



This series of forty-two papers contains many of high 

 value, and is illustrated by nearly one hundred plates and 

 figures. Nine of the longest articles are provided with 

 special indexes, as it is often desirable to issue these papers 

 in separate pamphlet form for distribution to specialists not 

 interested in the contents of the entire volume. 



FROG CULTURE. 



EVER since fish culture became an established industry in 

 America the culture of frogs for the table has been 

 talked of. Each year finds us no nearer to it than the last, 

 but the newspapers keep printing glowing accounts of 

 mythical frog farms in different parts of the country, always 

 at some distance from where the paper is published. We 

 have carefully looked up these reports and in every instance 

 found them to be without foundation. Last summer a 

 Western paper located a great "froggery" on Long Island, 

 ■within a few miles of the State fish hatchery, but no man on 

 the island ever heard of it. Some years ago a (ishculturist 

 advocated frog culture and wrote much on the subject, and 

 tried to induce others to go into the business of raising frogs, 

 but took care not to invest his own money in the scheme. 



This subject is brought up at this time "by the receipt of a 

 letter from a man in Detroit, well known to us as an enter- 

 prising fisherman, who says: "Some time since I saw in a 

 paper that a party had formed a company for the purpose of 

 raising frogs for market. I have a fine marsh for this pur- 

 pose, and should the company wish to go in with me I will 

 put up a freezer to hold them for the winter market. I have 

 written to Seth Green last year, but could get no informa- 

 tion about frogs." 



In our opinion frogs cannot be reared artificially and leave 

 a margin for profit. They can be hatched by the million, 

 and the tadpoles can be cheaply fed and perhaps protected 

 from their numerous enemies. In the tadpole state they do 

 not require much room, and can therefore be crowded in small 

 pools, but the trouble will begin when this stage is passed 

 and the young frog comes out in the air to catch insects for 

 a living. Then each frog requires space to forage in, for it 

 Will be impossible to furnish insects for them, and no other 

 food has been discovered which the young will eat. Sour 

 milk has been proposed, and Ave have been waiting to learn 

 of its successful use, and have declined to believe it until 

 some one demonstrates it. Another trouble is the cannibal 

 habits of the frog. They will eat a little one or try to 

 swallow a larger one and kill it in the attempt. 



In a state of nature the frog is a solitary and unsocial 

 animal except at the breeding season. He 'sits alone and 

 passes his time in either contemplation, catching insects, 

 worms; etc., or in chanting his own prowess. They never 

 go-in herds, as do the fishes, but distrust their own kind, 

 hence the difficulty of rearing them by hand. We believe 

 "that all attempts at frog culture will result in the gaining of 

 experience alone, and we do not believe that there is a frog 

 "faxm in America where they are reared artificially and fed 

 'to marketable size. If we are wrong in this matter we ask 

 to be set right, and any successful frog raiser is invited to 

 enlighten us on this subject. • 



- j THE: WOOD'S HOLL STATION. — The marine hatchery 

 at 'Wood's- Holl, Mass., of „ the U.=. S.' Fish Commission,- is 

 hpwj since- the death of Cant. Chester. -and the resignation 

 b'f Prof-.- Ryder, in charge of Mr.-. Ghas.-G. Atkins, of -Maine. 

 M:Tl -Atkin-s-'st-ill bar, charge cf the Maine -otati-cns -at Oiland 

 hud-Grand Lake Stream where -the salmon and the land- 

 locked -salmon ar& hatched and is -assisted it the \ \iu.i 

 -places by Mi'. W-. C. Buck. At Wood's Holl the experiments 

 with -cod,- maeker-tel, lobsters, etc--,- will be continued and 

 .have-met with -success. . The-English soles there are kept in 

 banks ' and -are growing finely, and their increase 'is con- 

 -fidently looked for in time-. - '■: ■ 



ht fflmtwt 



FIXTURES. 



DOG SHOWS. 



March 8 to 11.— Second Annual Dog Show at Buffalo, N. Y. Geo. 

 H. Cbadeayne, Secretary, No. 6 Brown's Building, Buffalo, N. Y, 



March 22 to 25, 1887.— Spring Show of the New Jersey Kennel 

 Club, Newark, N. J. A. C. Wilrnerding, Secretary, 1" Murray 

 street, New York. 



March 29 to April 1, 1887.— Inaugural Dog Show of Rhode 

 Island Kennel Club, Providence, R. I. N. Seabury, Secretary, 

 Box 1333, Providence. 



April 5 to 8, 1887.— Third Annual Dog Show of New England 

 Kennel Club, Boston. F. L. Weston, Secretary, Hotel Boylston, 

 Boston, Mass. 



April 12 to 15, 1887.— Thirteenth Annual Dog Show of the Western 

 Pennsylvania Poultry Society, at Pittsburgh, Pa. C. B. Elben, 

 Secretary. 



April 19 to 22.— Annual Dog Show of the Philadelphia Kennel 

 Kennel Club. E. Comfort, President. 



April 26 to 29.-Second Annual Dog Show of the Hartford Kennel 

 Club. A. C. Collins, Secretary, Hartford, Conn. 



May 3 to 6. 1887.— Eleventh Annual Dog. Show <5f the Westminster 

 Kennel Club, Madison Square Garden, New York. James Morti- 

 mer, Superintendent, 



FIELD TRIALS. 

 Nov, 21.— Ninth Annual Field Trials of the Eastern Field Trials 

 Club, at High Point, N. C. W. A. Coster, Secretary, Flatbush, 

 Kings County, N. Y. 



A. K. R.-SPECIAL NOTICE. 



npHE AMERICAN KENNEL REGISTER, for the registration 

 - 1 - nf pedigrees, etc. (with prize lists of all shows and trials), is 

 published every month. Entries close on the 1st. Should be in 

 early. Entry blanks sent on receipt of stamped and addressed 

 envelope. Registration fee (50 cents) must accompany each entry. 

 No entries inserted unless paid in advance. Yearly subscription 

 f 1.50. Address "American Kennel Register," P. O. Box 2832, New 

 Vbrk. Number of entries already printed 4697. 



ENCLISH SPANIEL CLUB STANDARDS. 



THE following points and descriptions of the different 

 varieties of spaniels have just been issued by the Eng- 

 lish Spaniel Club ; 



THE ENGLISH WATER SPANIEL. 

 Positive Points.— Head and jaw, and eyes, 20; ears, 5; 

 neck, 5; body, 10; forelegs, 10; hiudlegs, 10; feet, 5; stern, 10; 

 coat, 15; general appearance, 10— total positive points, 100. 



Is egative Points.— Feather on stern, 10; topknot, 10— to- 

 tal negative points, 20. 



DESCRIPTIVE PARTICULARS. 

 Head. — Long, somewhat straight and rather narrow: muz- 

 zle rather long, and. if anything, rather point ed. 

 Eyes. —Small for the size of the dog. 



Ears— Set in forward, and thickly clothed with hair inside 

 and out. 

 Neck. — S trai gh t . 



Body (including size and symmetry).— Ribs round, the 

 back ones not very deep. 

 Nose. — Large. 



Shoulders and Chest.— Shoulders low and chest rather 

 narrow, but deep. 



Back and Loin. — Strong, but not clumsy. 



Hindu na rt its.— Long and straight; rather rising toward 

 the stern than drooping, which, combined with the low 

 shoulder, gives him the appearance of standing higher be- 

 hind than in front. 



Stern— Docked from Tin. to lOin. according to the size of 

 the dog, carried a little above the level of the back, but by 

 no means high. 



Feet and L&)s— Feet well spread, large and strong; well 

 clothed with hair, especially between the pads. Legs long 

 and strong; the stifles well bent. 



Coat, — Covered either with crisp curls or with ringlets: 

 no topknot, but the close curl should cease on the top of the 

 head, leaving the face perfectly smooth and lean looking. 



Color.— Black and white, liver and white, or self-colored 

 black or liver. The pied for choice. 



Gen era I j \ npm ra nee. —Sober looking, with rather a slouch- 

 ing gait and a general independence of manner, which is 

 thrown aside at the sight of a gun. 



THE IRISH WATER SPANIEL. 

 Positive Points.— H-ad and jaw, eyes and topknot, 20; 

 ears, 5; neck, 5; body, 10; forelegs, 10; hindlegs, 10; feet, 5; 

 stern, 10; coat, 15; general appearance, 10 — total positive 

 points, 100. 



Negative Points.— Feather on stem, 10; white on chest, 3 

 —total negative points, 13. 



descriptive particulars. 



Head,— Skull medium length, rather broad,with very little 

 "stop," muzzle long and broad to the end. 



-Eyes.— Dark brown and very intelligent looking. 



Ears. — Long and covered with curls, 



NecJt. — Long, slightly arched and muscular. 



Body (including size and symmetry).— Fair-sized, barrel 

 well rouuded attd well ribbed up. 



Nose.— Liver-colored, large aud well developed. 



Shoulders and Chest.— Shoulders long and oblique, chest 

 deep but not very wide. 



Baelt and. Loin.— Back strong aud flat; loin strong, fair 

 length, and a trifle arched. 



Hindquarters.— Long, hocks well let down, and the stifles 

 straighter than in other varieties of-spaniels, neither turned 

 inward nor outward. 



Stern. — Strong at the root, and tapering to a fine point; 

 the hair on it must be quite short, straight and close-lying. 



Vnd and Legs. — Legs well boned and quite straight," some- 

 what long: feet rather large. 



Coat. — All over little curls, hard but not woolly. The top- 

 knot of long hair should fall over the eyes in a peak, and the 

 legs should have as little feather on them as possible. 



Color,— A rich dark liver— white on toes or breast a defect, 

 but not a disqualification. 



General Appearance.— That of a strong, somewhat leggy 

 dog. 



THE CLUMBER SPANIEL. 



POSITIVE Points.— Head and jaw, 25; eyes, 5; ears, 5; neck, 5; 

 body, 20; forelegs, 5; hindlegs, 5; feet, 5; stern, 5; coat aud 

 feather 10: general appearance, 10— total positive points, 100. 



Negative Points,— Light nose, 10; curled ears, 10; curled 

 coat, 20— total negative points, 10. 



DESCRIPTIVE PARTICULARS. 



Head. — Large, square and massive, fiat on top, ending in 

 a peak at occiput, round above eyes, with a deep stop; muz- 

 zle heavy and freckled, lips of upper jaw slightly overhung; 

 skiii -under eyes dropping and showing hair." 



E'dCS— Dark brown, slightly sunk and showing haw. 



Ea rs — Large and w ell ;r. er-ed with straight hah and hang- 

 ing slightly for*ward u thc feather not to extend below the 

 leather. ' 



- • -Jfec&.-rrVery .thick- «pd powerful , .and well feathered un- 

 derneath.- • - • • . - 



. -Body (including si/.c and- »ymmctrj).—\-sTy long and 

 heavy, and near the ground. Weight of dogs, oolbs. to Oolbs.; 

 bitches, 451bs. to 5oTbs. 

 Nose.— Square and" flesh-colored. - 



Shoulders and Chest. — Wide and deep — shoulders strong 

 and muscular. 



Back and Loin. — Back straight, broad and long; loin pow- 

 erful and well let down. 



Hindquarters.— Very powerful, with thighs placed well at 

 back of body. 



Stern. — Set very low (while retaining the more important 

 point of a straight back), well feathered and carried about 

 level with the backbone. 



Feet and Legs. — Feet, larg e and round, well covered with 

 hair; legs short, thick and strong; hocks low. 



Coat.— Long, plentiful, soft and straight. 



Colon— Plain white with lemon markings; orange permis- 

 sible, but not so desirable; slight head markings, with white 

 body preferred. 



General Appearance, — Should be that of a very long, low, 

 heavy, massive dog, with a thoughtful expression. 



THE SUSSEX SPANIEL. 



Positive Points. — Head and jaw, 15; eyes, 5; ears, o; neck, 5; 

 body, 15; forelegs, 10; hindlegs, 10; feet,* 5; stern, 5; coat and 

 feather, 10; general appearance, 15 — total positive points, 100. 



Negative Points.— Light eyes 5; narrow head, 10; weak 

 muzzle, 10; curled ears or high set on, 5; curled coat, 15; car- 

 riage of stern, 5; topknot, 10; white on chest, 10; color (too 

 light or too dark, 10; legginess or light of bone, 5; shortness 

 of body or flat-sided, 5: general appearance, sour or crouch- 

 ing, 10— total negative points, 100. 



descriptive particulars. 



Head. — Should be moderately long and massive, with 

 depth in proportion, to obviate a flat appearance: skull 

 broad and forehead prominent. 



E yes. —Hazel color, fairly large and languishing, not show- 

 ing the haw overmuch. 



Ears. — Thick, fairly large and lobe-shaped; set moderately 

 low, but relatively not so low as in black or other varieties 

 of spaniels; carried close to the head, and furnished -with 

 wavy hair. 



Nei-l:,— Muscular and slightly arched. 



Body (including xize and symmetry). — Long, with well- 

 sprung ribs, and a' fair depth behind the shoulders. 



Nose,— Liver color; muzzle large and square, with lips 

 somewhat pendulous and nostrils yvell developed. 



Shoulders and Chest, — The shoulders should be oblique, 

 and the chest deep and wide. 



Back and Loin. — Back level and long, and loin broad. 



Hindquarters.— Strong, thighs muscular and hocks low 

 down. 



Stern,— Docked from 5iu. to Sin., set low, and not carried 

 above the level of the back. 



Feet and Legs. — Legs short and strong, with immense bone 

 aud a slight bend in the forearm. Feet large and round, and 

 moderately well feathered, with short hair between the toes. 



Coat. — Bodycoat abundant, flat or slightly waved, with no 

 tendency to curl, moderately well feathered on legs and stem, 

 but clean below the hocks. 



Color. — Dark golden liver, not a light ginger or snuff color, 

 but rather of a rich bronze tinge, not puce; the color will 

 vary and go darker when the dog is kept out of Sussex, 

 especially in those parts where the climate aud soil differ 

 materially from that of Sussex. 



General Apj)earance. — Rather massive and muscular, but 

 with free movements and nice tail action, denoting a trac- 

 table and cheerful disposition — weight from 351bs. to 451bs. 



BEAGLES. 



Editor Forest and Stream : 



As I know a great many of your readers are deeply in- 

 terested in your kennel department, and among them all 

 the members of the American-English Beagle Club, I take 

 liberty of sending you a few words about the beagle. The 

 breeding of these gamy littla hounds is steadily increasing 

 throughout New England, for the sportsmen here find them 

 of great value in rabbit shooting, and that is the favorite 

 winter sport here. Tbey follow just slow enough to allow 

 the hunters to keep near them on foot, while briers and 

 thickets have no terrors for them and their cry is melodious 

 in the extreme. There are probably a dozen sportsmen in 

 Rhode Island who have good hunting beagles, and among 

 these are several that are pretty sure to get a marking at the 

 spring bench shows, The largest owner and breeder here is 

 Mr. A. H. Wakefield, who was so successful at the shows of 

 1886, and his kennel is now in better condition than ever. 

 He recently bought out the interest of his partner, Mr. 

 Andrew Winsor, and now controls the kennel. During the 

 winter his pack of beagles have been hunted in different 

 parts of the State, and have invariably done grand good 

 work. 



Last week Mr. Wakefield made a trip to Mr. Dorsey's ken- 

 nel at New Market, Md., and purchased two beagles there. 

 My Boy (Lee— Diana) and May Belle II. (Lee— May Belle), 

 which are good show dogs and have hunted well. Mr. Wake- 

 field's trip "was a most [enjoyable one and his accounts of it 

 have made several hours pass most pleasantly at the rooms 

 of the R. I, K. C. The Southerner and his Northern brother 

 met on the broad platform of true sportsmen and should 

 Mr. Dorsey ever visit Providence his stay will be made pleas- 

 ant. His plantation is a large one and his sixty or more 

 beagles have the full run of it and are hunted a good portion 

 of the season; he breeds for the field, but produces show dogs 

 as well, which is the acme of beagle breeding. Of his kennel, 

 Lee, his head stud dog, now eight or nine years old, is as good 

 a beagle as stands in America to-day, and his progeny in- 

 cludes many good ones. Mr. Dorsey's pet pack can out-style 

 and out-hunt any pack of small hounds that stand to-day, 

 and if they could be shown at a field trial would astonish the 

 champions of big hounds as well as delight lovers of the 

 beagle; Most of them stand from 14 to loin, high, are white, 

 black and tan, deep in chest, with true hound head, and the 

 pleading beagle eye so desirable. Mr. W r akefield also visited 

 Dr. Downey, who is so well known as a beagle expert, and 

 at Baltimore was entertained by Mr. W. Stewart Diffenderf- 

 fer, of the Woodbrook Kennels, who has showu some very 

 good hounds on the bench. 



There is a great deal of work being done here in prepar- 

 ing for the first annual show of the Rhode Island Kennel 

 Club, which is set down for March 29 to April 1 , and though 

 new in the business the club hopes to have a good show. 

 The premium lists have been out a week now and provide 

 for lis classes, the champions all to get medals, while for 

 the open classes thre are prizes of $10 and ?=5, and #8 and §4, 

 The champion medals will be of solid silver and will be very 

 handsome and valuable. The judges so far arranged for are 

 Dr. H. Clay Glover. Mr. Chas. H. Mason and Dr. Win. Jarvis. 



Retd. 



Providence, R. J., Feb. 8, 



We made preparation for a rabbit hunt with the beagles 

 on Jan. 31, and as luck would have it it was, as Mr. Parry 

 said, "a likely looking day to run rabbits," and so it 

 proved. We started off about 7 A. M. with five beagles, two 

 old ones and three puppies, one of them 8 months and the 

 other two 12 -months old. We reached the rabbit grounds 

 about 8:30 A.M. and did not have to wait long for a start for 

 the old boys struck scent immediately on entering .the 

 swamp, and the. rabbit .gave the whole pack a good run of 

 five minutes, andihen went to burrow and we did not get a 

 shot at him. - It was not long- before they had' another one 

 going, and it was better luck this time for he went right by 

 within 15yds. of us, and Mr. Parry downed him at once. It 

 was about twenty minutes before they got Up another one 

 and he did not run over a minute -before he took to a bur- 

 row and when we came up to the dogs they all were at the 



