118 



FOREST AND STREAM. 



[March 3, 1887. 



the practical application and systematic development of the idea 

 expressed, is contained the study of subjects of most extended 

 and absorbing interest, will be patent to each in proportion as 

 such subjects have already claimed his attention. 



Our position as a yaelifc club may fairly be attributed to such 

 proficiency in seamanship as was at our command. By us tho 

 theoretical side has been treated with conspicuous ability, and in 

 practice the Corinthian principle has been curried beyond the 

 point aimed at in institutions of a like nature. We have been, on 

 board our vessels, not mere passengers, but, to the best of our 

 ability, and in the best sense, aeameu ; the endless questions and 

 reasons of practice and precedent have secured cur ready atten- 

 tion; the ship, big or little, has ever appealed to our sympathy, 

 not as something inert and material, but rather instinct with life; 

 our example has stood a vigorous and successful protest against 

 the. effeminate yachting of the past ; in a word, we have been 

 true votaries of our chosen sport ; such are the real reasons for 

 the past and present position which we have attained. 



No subject has offered a more rapid and interesting develop- 

 ment than that of yachting; from the stone ballasted vessels of 

 half a century ago to the elaborate and beautiful creations of the 

 science of to-day. All the wonderful changes in the perfecting of 

 the vessel have not superseded the importance of handling, 

 steering and judgment ; the value of the personal equation in 

 yacht racing, tar from sinking in prominence, has risen with the 

 perfection of the means supplied. Many questions of vital in- 

 terest in marine arehitec lure will be solved only as problems in 

 the construction of racing vessels, and many experiments as to 

 strength and weight in spars, rigging and construction, are for- 

 bidden by economic considerations in other fields. On a higher 

 range, the subject of the relations of resistance and power is 

 treated from a standpoint of almost purely scientific experiment. 

 Interpreted from this point of view, yacht* racing assumes its true 

 and proper value. 



The whole subject of present and national interest of our coast 

 defenses must, in the light of modern experience, be regarded, 

 not upon purely theoretical grounds but from the point of view 

 which would belong to men of liberal education who had made 

 tho subject of seamanship in its broadest sense their study. The 

 expenditures upon navies and defenses are frequently in an in- 

 verse ratio to the definite and practical knowledge possessed, and 

 in our presen t ignorance no detail is too insignificant to assume an 

 unexpected importance. Proficiency in seamanship among ama- 

 teurs deserves, as a. rarer knowledge, at least such recognition as 

 is bestowed ou voluntary military training. 



As to the material means and the plan in detail : Your com- 

 mittee proposes that as a permanent headquarters and locatiou 

 for the club, a house or rooms be secured in the city. The advan- 

 tages of such headquarters are apparent, specially to those who 

 hav e experienced the difficulty of meeting to < ransact and arrange 

 the present business of the club. For the regular committees and 

 for the meetings incidental to the arrangements connected with 

 the club races, the convenu nee would be very great. But most 

 important, undoubtedly, will be the moans a,nd opportunity 

 thus alibi (led for the encouragement and development of the 

 social element among such a membership as our own, and your 

 committee believes that the possibilities in this direction would 

 contribute largely to tho success of a. club-house established in 

 the city. 



As a yachting center, in the best sense of the term, the club- 

 house should, in view ot our keen and appreciative interest in all 

 yachting matters, prove a success in the hands of a club held to- 

 gether so well by the ties of this common interest. A means 

 would be secured for the proper display of the large and interest- 

 ing collection of the lines of prize winners in the past races of the 

 clnn, now practically inaccessible and useless. As a place, for 

 regular meetings the possession of a home for the club would, by 

 inducing a larger and more regular attendance, prove of direct 

 and practical benefit. 



Your committee further proposes to increase as far as possible 

 the number of meetings to be held during the year, according to 

 the interest find attendance shown, and to provide for a regular 

 series of lectures to cover a definite class of subjects, according 

 to a prearranged scheme. For the preparation of such a scheme 

 of lectures the appointment of a regular committee is recom- 

 mended. Their duties should he to formulate a plan for the course 

 of entertainment aud instruction to be carried out during the 

 year; to secure experts as lecturers, capable of properly present- 

 ing the proposed subjects before such a club as our own ; aud to 

 prepare and arrange such intelligent discussion as the nature of 

 the subject may permit among the members of the club. Merely 

 as a suggest ion of what ground may be covered by such a series of 

 lectures and discussions, the following list is submitted: 



1. Yacht Designing and Construction.— Theory, method aud 

 practice of draughting the lines of yachts; instruments and 

 practical hints. The elements of designs, and the calculation for 

 their determination. Relation, functions aud importance of these 

 elements. Stability ; its exact and approximate determination ; 

 form and ballasting. Sparring and sail plans. Rigging and iron 

 work. Sails and sail-making. Construction: centre-board 

 yachts, modern and former types; keel yachts; wood, iron, steel 

 composite; and double skin construction. Types of yachts. 

 History and development of yachts and yachting. Laws of resist- 

 ance of fluids ; form and surface of vessels. Cruising yachts ; sea- 

 going qualities. 



2. Navigation.— Along-shore and off-shore navigation. Dead 

 reckoning. Nautical astronomy. Instruments ; construction, 

 theory, and uses. Chronometers : construction, tests, history and 

 uses. Mariner's compass: theory, various forms, variation, dip, 

 deviation and correction. Charts: construction and theory, 

 United States coast survey— instruments, methods and work. 

 Harbors and channels. Natural formation and artificial aids. 

 New York harbor. Aids to navigation. Lighthouses and lights. 

 Ocean courses. Marine geography and ocean currents. Trade 

 winds and the law of storms. 



3. Vessels Other than Yachts.— Seamanship of large vessels: 

 handling rigs. Vessels of war: types, development and history. 

 Construction and armament. Question of armored and tin- 

 armored. Speed in modern warfare and means of attainment. 

 Modern naval tactics and discipline; sham battles and man- 

 omvres. Fishing vessels : foreign and native types and their 

 development. Life boats and life saving appliances. 



4. Coast Defenses,— Ordnance, forts and torpedoes, Torpedo 

 boats and submarine navigation, Modern inventions in guns and 

 projectiles. 



The scheme, as outlined above, was adopted, A library embrac- 

 ing the standard works of reference, the leading periodicals and 

 full sets of charts, will form a conspicuous feature, and the. col- 

 lection of models will at onoe be commenced, Of this collection 

 the report speaks as follows; 



"'The possession of a collection of models by a club has been 

 proved to be an endless source of interest to members, and of at- 

 traction and inducement to outsiders, Models are, in fact, of the 

 nature of works cf reference, and a study of them will constantly 

 suggest new points for examination and comparison. Each model 

 should represent a noted or typical yacht. The collection would 

 then soon contain practically types of all such vessels as a naval 

 architect would consider worthy of study. It is proposed to re- 

 quest from the owners of such yachts, tracings of their lines, and 

 to have made from these, at the club's expense, plain models. It 

 is recommended that every prize winner be obliged to deposit a 

 model, in place of lines, with the club." 



Of course such a scheme will entail a considerable extra outlay, 

 especially as it 3s proposed to push the racing interests of the 

 club and keep pace with the increased activity in the racing 

 world, and to no extent to lose sight of the end in furthering the 

 means thereto. In order to raise the sum required to start the 

 scheme on a successful basis, some $6,000 to S7,000, as estimated, 

 it is proposed to issue bonds bearing a per cent, interest, in 

 amounts of $25.00, and nearly the whole amount of these bonds 

 have already been taken. Further than this, it is expected that 

 an increased income will be needed to carry on the club-house, 

 and to meet this it is proposed to raise the annual dues to $25.00 iii 

 place of $15.00, after Jan. 1, 1S8S. and the initiation fee from $25.00 

 to $50.00, after Sept. 1, 1887. Notice was also given of a proposed 

 amendment, limiting the membership of the club to 500. 



Since its organization the Seawauhaka Corinthian Y. C. has 

 been foremost in every movement for the promotion of yachting, 

 in ail the various fields of designing, building, racing and sea- 

 manship, and in the latter in particular its members have deserv- 

 edly taken the first place. The present step, though a radical 

 one, is only in accordance with the policy of the club, and the 

 names of its leaders are a sufficient guarantee that it will be as 

 successful as the many previous efforts of the club in behalf of a 

 higher standard for American yachting and yachtsmen. 



THE OCEAN RACE. 



THE Coronet has been on the screw dock and eight tons of lead 

 have been cast in her keel. The low tides have prevented 

 Coronet from going off the screw dock up to Wednesday and the 

 start will probably be postponed to next week. The Dauntless was 

 down the Bay on Feb. 27 and met with wind enough to carry away 



A CRUISE OF THE TEMPUS, 1885. 



PART SECOND. 



DURING- a severe sou'wester last summer the Tempus was off 

 the same locality, but fifteen miles further out at sea. Dur- 

 ing the night her tender broke adrift in the violence of the gale 

 and was lost. It had been a supposition that the tide and wind 

 would set the boat up this river, and one of the plans of the voy- 

 age was to learn something of the derelict, During the winter we 

 heard that a fishermen living on Bear Island had picked her up. 

 So when we found ourselves abreast of the islaud at 2 o'clock a 

 visit was made to it. 



The only habitation was a small hovel, and when its door was 

 entered, a sight was revealed that was interesting, at least to the 

 visitors. The low room was perhaps ten feet square. It had orig- 

 inally been lathed aud plastered, but now more lath than plaster 

 were mementoes of a former grandeur. A few of the commonest, 

 wooden chairs, worn and rickety, a table against the wall, a, more 

 than used up stove and a flour barrel were the. furniture. In one 

 corner sal an old crone, sooty short pipe in mouth, clicking her 

 needles over a long blue stocking. A you nger woman whose apparel 

 was certainly not of this spring's importation, was making a seine 

 net out of white twine. A baby disputed with several hens and 

 a dog for ( lie rights of the floor, The whole made a tout ensemble 

 resembling some of tke interiors of the old Dutch painters. Shy, 

 curt answers were given to our inquiries, but the boat was un- 

 heard of. So, disappointed we departed, carrying away only the 

 lasting memory of a poor fisherman's cot. 



New Meadows River runs nearly north from the sea, a, wide, 

 deep estuary, lined with islands and coves and bold wooded shores. 

 Half way up we met a fisherman with his two sails, running free. 

 How grandly those dories are handled. The clumsy, fishy boat re- 

 sponded sentiently 10 our hail aud ran under our lee. A well- 

 built, middle-aged man, burned red by exposure, and a fisherman 

 by every token that sight or smell could give, came aboard. We 

 had found the needle in the haymow. His father-in-law had 

 picked up the boat the second morning after her loss, as she was 

 grinding her tender cedar sides against t he White Bull, way out- 

 side, and was now at his house on the mainland. If she would 

 float he would bring her off to us when we returned tho next day. 

 By and bv ho cast off, leaving us to come to anchor at Foster's 

 Point, ten miles from the ocean, at .1 o'clock. 



Our anchorage for the night d j tiered from yesterday's and exem- 

 plifies the endless variety found in the way of studying geography. 

 Wc lay at the junction of four water courses. Northward was 

 the main river, the two outlets of Broad Cove and of Mill Cove. 

 1 iclow to the south a cluster of islets. Three islands face us in the 

 side of the channel. From every point of the yacht the scenery 

 was superb. Ocean ward the dark spruces and evergreens of the 

 rocky coast; landward, cultivated fields and grassy swards vary 

 the picture, with here and there a white farmhouse or more pre- 

 tentious residence. 



"Nov came still evening on, and twilight gray 

 Had in her sober livery all things clad." 



For some time subtle odors had floated over the yacht suggestive 

 of the time wheu men turn from the world without to that more 

 closely united with the life within. Through the companiouway 

 glimpses could be caught of a white table cloth aud chairs arranged, 

 as if for a purpose, about it. Such hints are too broad to need 

 further explanation, and nature has, for the time, no further at- 

 tractions. The menu, as transcribed from the log, was as follows: 



Baked mutton— sliced lemons and olives. 



Boiled potatoes with jackets on. 



"Shall I skin yer a purtater, dearie?" 



"No, thank ye, darlin', got one skun." 



Eggs, fried (but not swimming) in grease, and— after use of deep 

 sea lead they are found to be— apricots. 



Dessert, a little of everything, pastry, fruit, nuts, especially 

 "chestnuts." 



(The helm is put up and reef shook out of the main brace). 



Coffee, "which makes the politician wise, and see through all 

 things with his half shut eyes." 



Then comes the satiety resultant from living and dining well; 

 with all restraints slackened about throat and abdomen, and in 

 such postures in berth or standing room as comfort dictates, the 

 evening passes away. The voices swell in the gale of debate upon 

 such trivial topics as couchology, pathology, sociology and even 

 theology, until every threadbare sail of argument is rent into tat- 

 ters. The mighty incense of "sublime tobacco, which from east 

 to west, cheers the tar's labor," rises to propitiate old Neptune 

 and his divine spouse Amphitrite, through whose domain we have 

 traveled twenty-five miles to-day. At last the Tempus swings to 

 her anchor, silent and alone in the river. 



"The cock's shrill clarion" echoed over the water about 5 o'clock, 

 and Memorial Day began as perfect as the most exacting could 

 wish. No mirror was smoother or reflected more sharply than the 

 crystal upon which we floated; not a breath of air disturbed the 

 wa ter, and the cloudless sky was filled already with the horses of 

 the sun. Pending breakfast, a row was taken up the river. All 

 the world here is in its best dress, and welcomes the strangers 

 with most seductive grace. Again and again the oars hang idly 

 and the tide carried us along, while we enjoy the beauty of the 

 morning. The foliage is especially noticeable. Every shade of 

 green, from the yellow leaf of the willow to the almost black 

 "spills" of the firs, was contrasted and harmonized. Sounds from 

 shore and the yacht, our voices, the splash of a fishing gull above 

 us, echoed from hill and forest until we counted four distinct re- 

 duplications. How appropriate the lines: "Sweet fields beyond 

 the swelling floods, stand dressed in living green!" Down through 

 the transparent water we could see fish darting hither and yon in 

 the tangles of the seaweed. Fantasies of dreamland grow "apace 

 as we float along. How rude the awakening to find, on our return 

 to the yacht, the crew polishing "up the handle of the big front 

 door," and the other brass fittings, so dear to the heart of the yacht, 

 builder. 



At 11 o'clock we started homeward, with the usual southerly 

 wind, warm and fresh. Down through the reaches of the river, 

 by W iimegance Bay, just below the mainland of West Bath, with 

 all canvas drawing, and foam well up on the lee rail, rush 

 along until we round into the entrance of the Basin, 



The "Coast Pilot" says; "Immediately opposite to the southern 

 point of Sheep Island, a narrow and deep passage passes from the 

 river between two high and steep bluffs, into a perfectly land- 

 locked cove called the Basin, In this passage there is no less than 

 18ft, at moan low water, and it Is entirely unobstructed. In the 

 Basin you may lie at anchor in from ii to 7 fathoms, soft bottom, 

 completely sheltered from all winds/of whatever strength. Vessels 

 passing up the river will not be able to see the entrance to the 

 Basin, but will see the masts of vessels at anchor there as soon as 

 they are abreast of Basin Point," 



The dvv details of this description can give but a hint of the 

 beautiful landscape we found, rising like the sides of a bowl from 

 the placid water. The humble cots of the fishermen nestle near 

 the entrance, as if, "the world forgetting by the world forgot." 

 Once visited, the Basin invites a return to its haven, whenever 

 the voyager passes its portals. 



Out again into the river, we cross it and anchor in Cundiz Har- 

 bor, on the eastern shore of Sebascodegan Island. This was the 

 rendezvous where our fisherman friend of yesterday was to bring 

 us the wrecked gig. We found only "promises made but never 

 kept," and therefore enter a personal equation in the problem. 

 The Captain takes a crew and starts himself on a search expedi- 

 tion, leaving the yacht to pick him up afterward in the river. 

 Recrossing the channel, at the. mouth of the passage between 

 Bear Island and the mainland, an ancient mariner is met rowing 

 a dory, laden down to the water's edge with bunches of shingles. 

 "Oh! 'bout that boat? Hearn of her when Bijah brung her in last 

 summer. Guess he's to hum, but he's tumble used up with 

 rheumatiz. Howsomever, his boy will give her to ye, and vo'll 

 find the haouse furder down the gut, 'breast of the clam shells." 

 Like the play of boyhood we were getting "hotter." The gut is 

 like so many of the other deep channels of this coast, cut out be- 

 tween shore and island by the swift tides. "Landward it is edged 

 with a thin sprinkle of fishermen's houses, almost enough to be 

 dignified with a name. "'Breast of the clam shells" we found a 

 typical fisherman's home. Shells, dories and nets and lobster 

 pots were its surrounding, relieved by a crazy barn, a wood-pile 

 and a clump of spruces. A young fellow was digging in freshly 

 plowed ground by the side. His was the regular uniform, flan- 

 nel shirt, with sleeves rolled high, pantaloons hoisted high with 

 red galluses, a rubber boot protected the left foot, but the other 

 languished in a more democratic shoe. His rumination of the 

 everlasting cud suddenly stopped as the stranger bore swiftlv 

 down upon him. "Where's the boat your father picked up last 

 July?" The abruptness of the question and peremptory tone gave 

 no time for equivocation. "Down in that house, but the door's 

 locked and father's gone away with the key. Guess vou can look 

 a1 it through the winder though, if you wanter." 



We stayed not to make reply but hurried over to the said house 

 which had once been the ancestral dwelling. The supposed locked 

 door was found alar, and inside was the boat. Though scarred 

 and wounded by her night's wrestle for life against rook and surf, 

 her personality was unquestionable. Oars, rowlocks, backboard 



and flooring were absent, and several planks in the side had been 

 crushed through, but for all that she was worth saving. While 

 the Captain was examining her the guide vanished to hasten back 

 with a lady, youthful but not gaudy. She w as evidently the finer 

 animal of the two, and it was a comical sight ro see her nudge I be 

 side of her mate, too shy or scared lo utter the remonstrances she 

 wanted made against such "fiat burglary." A few moments of 

 these mute appeals against aggression, when, evidently, their 

 feelings being too many for them, they passed out the doorway 

 and, as far as the strangers were concerned, into the hereafter, 

 her arm lovingly and protect inglv around him. "Now what shall 

 we do? Here's our boat and 'Bijah is entitled to salvage, but 

 where is lie? 'Snose we see if we can lift her," was the reply. 

 Strength was equal to the demand, and from the hut to the water, 

 down tho steep bank and over the shells, it was carried success- 

 fully. "They'll have fleet steeds that will follow," or words to 

 that effect, stimulated the crew to quick rowing, and soon the 

 yacht had upon its deck rescued and rescuers." Many a hearty 

 laugh rang out from rocks and waves that afternoon a- the stor", 

 was told to an appreciative audience. Shall memory ever forget 

 the man, all tattered and torn, in the tender arms of the maiden 

 all forlorn, or his attitude as, without a glance at the departing 

 tavishers, he bent over his shovel in the "tater patch," 



"So faint, so spiritless, 

 So dull, so dead in look, so woe-begone." 



At the close of this eventful day the Tempus anehcred in Ilarps- 

 well Harbor. Alight shower in the afternoon had enlivened the 

 monotonous long rolls around Jaqrish, but now, with anchor 

 down, all care is thrown away. In this safe and protected harbor, 

 but one thought is uppermost, and is only forgotten wheu naught 

 but the wreck of the supper-table remains. The cup of pleasure 

 has been brimful to-day, but what shall be on the morrow we know- 

 not, for the barometer is falling rapidly. 



The first words spoken on the Tempus that Sabbath morning 

 were, "Is it quarter of seven or twenty-live minutes of nine, by 

 that clock?" Despite a. general imsiableness of sleeping apart- 

 ment, the usual late Sunday morning nap had been indulged in, 

 proving that shore habits follow one even on shipboard. A glance 

 from the deck at once, explained tho cause of the unusual motion 

 of the yacht. A hard easterly storm was upon us, rain pouring 

 down and gusts of wind carried spray in clouds to leeward. Out- 

 side the haroor heavy seas rolled up the Sound, and though we 

 were partially protected from them, still the cable was being put 

 to a tremendous strain. A second anchor was lowered at once 

 and plenty of scope given to both, when we rode more safely, if 

 not more quietly. It was out of the question to think of going 

 further in such weather, and we therefore settled down to cabin- 

 life as complacently as possible. Breakfast was prolonged till an 

 unheard of hour, and the cook found plenty of assistants. During 

 the day books and conversation were helps to wile away the hours 

 or long-drawn suspiratious from some berth betokened that one 

 of the Seven Sleepers had visited modern times. 



Outside on deck the full power of the northeaster was appre- 

 ciated, but uncer the defenses of rubber coats and hoots tho storm 

 battle was enjoyable. Away over toward Bailey's Island could be 

 seen the restless masts of three coasters, storm-bound like our- 

 selves, but a gust of rain would come and blot out everything sea- 

 ward. Astern the surf thundered on the shingle of the beach, or 

 broke high over an old wreck upon it. A very little of such scenery 

 sufficed to prove the grandeur ot a storm at sea. 



In the afternoon the perils of landing through the breakers were 

 braved, and one or two of the houses visited that are scattered 

 along the crest of the Neck. At one place a plea of starvation was 

 entered as an excuse for getting a fresh supper of pastry. An 

 anxious lookiug matron appeared at the doorway with throe 

 children, all of a size, round-eyed and open-mouthed, hanging to 

 her skirts. Inside a glimpse was caught of the husband, in rever- 

 end Sunday clothes, and professional in a ring of whiskers, that 

 were probably oakum, un-.ier the nether jaw. Unfortunately the 

 larder was empty, and excused by the statement that they "had 

 went to a funeral yesterday," a concatenation which is indeed a 

 proper sequence of funerals according to country custom. 



At length the day is ended. In the shelter of the cosy cabin we 

 forget the constant pitching and rolling, "nor heed the storm that 

 howls along the sky." The mine dimitis of the gale is sung to ears 

 fast losing their hold upon temporal things, and then darkness and 

 its perils arc unknown. 



During Sunday night the wind had shifted to the uorfh and the 

 storm blown itself out. Despite the lowering sky orders were 

 given to get under way, and the pawl of the windlass clanked 

 slowly as the cable came inboard. Round Harps well Point every 

 rock was white with the spume of the surf. On the. horizon Half 

 Way Pock Light stood a black pillar against a leaden sky. We 

 take the inside route home, for tj.e outside is altogether too rough 

 for pleasure sailing. However, as the sun rises the wind falls, 

 until, abreast of Great Chebeag, we have a veritable "ash hurri- 

 cane," and lie motionless for hours. At last to our pleading 

 whistle comes the breeze, and we speed along througn Diamond 

 Island Roads, and all too soon are at our moorings and the cruise 

 is ended. 



Pour days of unalloyed recreation have passed without amishap 

 to vessel or crew. A tew of tne delightsome places of this corner 

 of the Atlantic have been visited, and the check of the purser Co 

 balance the yacht's account is amusingly small. Cur trip lias 

 been uneventful for hair-breadth escape or heroic service; and yet, 

 perhaps, is none the less memorable because pleasant, healthful, 

 and economical. Stanley. P. Warren. 



THE HEATHEN CHINEE. 



WE have frequently pointed out the many advantages which 

 the canoe type of boat possesses in the way of strong and 

 inexpensive construction and speed with small power and a triod- 

 erato displacement and draft, and the accompanying design 

 shows how the same features may bo combined in a larger craft 

 than is associated commonly with the term canoe, and chat may 

 fairly be considered a yacht. Like her smaller prototype, the 

 Heathen Chinee has the two ends alike, a moderate displacement, 

 beam and draft, easy lines, small immersed surface and a moder- 

 ate and easily handled sail-area with little weight or bulk of gear 

 aloft. 



The Heathen Chinee was designeed by Landseer MacKenzie, 

 Esq., of London, England, in 1877, and was built during the fol- 

 lowing winter by J. Macwhirter, at Erith. on the Thamos. Being 

 a somewhat unique production and unlike any of the conven- 

 tional boats of the locality, her advent was received with many 

 gloomy prognostications ot failure; which, however, were not 

 destined to be realized. When first launched she was practically 

 an open boat and with only scrap iron for ballast, but she was re- 

 markably stiff. Since then, in the nine seasons that she has 

 raced and cruised, many alterations have been made that have 

 greatly improved her. 



In the original design the areas of the vertical sections were 

 regulated by a cylindroid of displacement according to the 

 methods of Mr. J. W. Griffiths; but before the boat was begun the 

 investigations and conclusions of Mr. Colin Archer were made 

 public, and the lines were slightly altered to conform to the new 

 "wave form" theory. In 1880 she was lengthened 1ft, aft and 

 trimmed 3in. by the stern, thus destroying the exact accordance 

 with the theoretical wave form; but at the same time her ballast 

 and sail plans were both improved, so that no loss was apparent 

 in her subsequent performance. In 1884 her single centerboard 

 was replaced by two, as shown, the total area being the same as 

 before. The result was that she was not quite as quick in stays, 

 even when the after board was tended, but she was much im- 

 proved in weatherliness, the gam being easily noticeable on a long 

 leg; in fact her ability to windward is one of her main features, 

 The object of the change was to give more room in the cockpit 

 and also to make her steadier on her helm, as her rudder \s as too 

 small. The two boards were placed, of course, with reference to 

 the masts and other surroundings, and in designing a similar boat 

 their position could probably be improved, so as lo make her 

 quicker in stays. A subsequent enlargement to the size shown 

 Cured entirely the difficulty iu the steering. At the time the 

 board was changed Scwt. of lead was added to the keel, and the 

 inside ballast, all lead by this time, was recast to fit as close to the 

 skin as possible. Thus ballasted, and with her light spars, she 

 could carry full sail when the ordinary small cutter was glad to 

 stow topsail; and for light weather her sail area might be 50ft. 

 larger. 



In the nine seasons that she has raced on the Thames she has 

 met boats of all classes aud has scored a number of victories. She 

 has met the usual type of cutter with success on more than one 

 occasion, one of the most interesting of these races being with a 

 narrow 3-tonner 1ft. greater length on L. W. L. and about 10 per 

 cent, more displacement. The race was sailed over a 12-mile 

 course, iu a steady topsail breeze, there was no time allowance 

 and the Chinee won by 10m. She was once fairly beaten by a 

 20ft. L. W. L. boat, a center-boarder with two immense Chinese 

 lugs; but at the same time she has won the Muriel challenge cup, 

 a perpetual challenge cup of the Corinthian Y. C. for open and 

 half-docked boats, for two consecutive years from the same boat; 



