VALUABLE INFORMATION. 



FUNGICIDES. 



B«mi)K\r\ MlXTl RE. 



Copper Sulpliat' 

 Quicklime . . . 

 Water 



. . !> puuiuls. 

 . . 4 pounds. 

 40-50 gallons. 



Dissolve the copper sulphate by putting in a bag of coarse cloth 

 and hanging this in a vessel holding at least 4 gallons, so that it 

 is just covered by the water. Use an earthen or wooden vessel. 

 Slack the lime in an equal amount of water. Then mix the two. 

 and add enough water to make 40 gallons. It is then ready for 

 immediate use. but will keep indefinitely. If the mixture is to be 

 used on peach foliage, it is advisable to use an extra pound of 

 lime to the above formula. When applied to such plants as car- 

 nations or cabbages, it will adhere better if about a pound of 

 hard soap be dissolved in hot water and added to the mixture. 

 For rots, molds, mildews, and all fungous diseases. 



AM.MOMAC.\L, COPPEK ( .% R BO.\.\TE. 



Copper carbonate » • - 1 ounce 



.\nimonia enovigh to dissolve the copper. 



Water C .gallons. 



The copper carbonate is best dissolved in large bottles, where it 

 will keep indefinitely, and it should be diluted with water as re- 

 quired. For the sarne purpose as Bordeaux Mixture. 



COPPER SI I.PHATE SOU TIO. 



Copper Sulphate 1 pound. 



Water l'> gallons. 



Dissolve the copper sulphate in the water, when it is ready for 

 use. This should never be applied to foliage, but must be used 

 before the buds break. For peaches and nectarines, use 25 gal- 

 s of water. For fungous diseases. 



INSECTICIDES. 



P.\RiS (iREE\. <.\rHenite.ii.) 



Paris Green 1 pound. 



Water 200-300 gallons. 



If this mixture is to be used on peach trees, 1 pound of quick- 

 lime should be added. Paris Green and Bordeaux Mixture can be 

 applied together with perfect safety. Use at the rate of 4 ounces 

 of the arsenites to .50 gallons of the mixture. The action of 

 neither is weakened, and the Paris Green loses all caustic prop- 

 erties. For insects which chew. If to be used in our little spray- 

 ers, this solution is too weak. Use the smaller quantity of water. 

 LONDOIV PURPLE. 

 I his is used in the same proportion as Paris Green, but, as it is 

 more caustic, it should be applied with two or three times its 

 weight in lime, or with the Bordeaux Mixture. The composition 

 of London Purple is exceedingly variable, and unless good rea- 

 sons exist for supposing that it contains as much arsenic as 

 Paris Green, use the latter poison. Do not use London Purple on 

 peach or plum trees, unless considerable lime is added. For in- 

 sects which t'hew. 



HELLEBORE. 



Fresh White Hellebore 1 ounce. 



Water 2 gallons. 



-Apply when thoroughly mixed. This poison is not so energetic 

 as the arsenites. and may be used a short time before the sprayed 

 portions mature. For insects w^hich chew. 



KEROSENE EMLLSIOX. 



Hard Soap pound. 



Boiling Water 1 gallon. 



Kerosene 2 gallons. 



I)issolve the soap in water, add the kerosene, and churn with a 

 inimi) for 5 to 10 minutes. Dilute 10 to 25 times before applying. 

 Use strong emulsion for all scale insects. For insects which suck, 

 as plant lice, mealy bugs, red spider, thrips, bark lice, or scale. 

 Cabbage worms, currant worms, and all insects which have soft 

 bodies, can also be successfully treated. 



HOW AFSID WME:isJ TO SRRAV. 



First Application. 



Second Application. 



Third Applicatiok. 



Fourth Application. 



Fifth Application. 



Apple.— (Canker woriu . 

 codling motb, bud moth, 

 ecab.) 



Beam.— (Anthracuose., 



Cabbage. — 1. Warms , 

 aphis. ) 



Carnation.- ^Eust and 

 other fungous diseases.) 



Cherry .—(Rot, aphis, cur- 

 culio and slug.) 



Cnrrant.—' Worms, mil- 

 dew. ' 



Ctoofteberry- — (Mildew, 

 worms.) 



CJrape-— (Flee-tjeetle. fun- 

 gous diseases. > 



Nursery *itocli.— (Fun- 

 gous diseases.) 



Peach, Apricot. —(Leaf- 

 curl, curculio, mildew' and 

 rot.) 



I*ear.— (Leaf-blisht, scab, 

 psylla and codling moth.) 



Plum (Black knot, rot 



and all fungous diseases, 

 curculio.) 



Potato.— (Beetles, scab, 

 bUght.) 



Quince.— (Leaf and fruit 



spot, rot.) 

 Kaapberry , B I a c b - 



b e r r y .— ( .\nthracnose, 

 rust.) 



Bose. — (Mildew, black 

 spot, red spider, aphis. ) 



Strawherry .— ( Ru.st . ) 



Tomato. — (Rot and 

 blight, worms.) 



Tlolet.— (Blight, red spi- 

 der.) 



Spray before buds start, 

 using copper sulphate solu- 

 tion. 



When blossoms appear, 

 ' spray with Bordeaux. 



When worms first ap- 

 [ pear, kerosene emulsion, or 

 Paris green . 



' When planted out, dip in 

 Bordeaux. 



Before buds start, use 

 j copper sulphate solution. 



For aphis, kerosene emul- 

 I sion. 



' As soon as worms are 

 I seen, Paris green. 



' As leaves open, Bordeaux 

 1 and Paris green. 



' Before buds burst, copper 

 sulphate solution and Paris 

 green. 



When buds burst, Bor- 

 deaux. 

 Before buds swell, copper 

 J sulphate solution . 



Before buds start, copper 

 sulphate solution . 



I 



-\s buds start, copper sul- 

 phate solution. Cut out 

 knot and burn. 



For scab, soak seed in 

 corrosive sublimate solu- 

 tion (2oz. in 16 gallons of 

 water for 90 minutes.) 



Before buds start, copper 

 sulphate solution. 



Cut out badly diseased 

 canes. Spray with copper 

 sulphate solution before 

 growth starts. 



Mildew : Keep heating 

 pipes painted with equal 

 parts lime and sulpliur 

 mixed with water to a paste 



Just before blossoms 

 open, Bordeaux and Paris 

 green. 



When first fruits have 

 set, Bordeaux. 



When blight is first seen, 

 weak copper sulphate. Ker- 

 osene emulsiou for insects. 



-\.fler the blossoms have 

 formed, but before tliey 

 open, Bordeaux and Paris 

 green . * 



10 days later, repeat. 



If worms or apiiides are 

 present, repeat if plantsare 

 not heading, using emul- 

 sion for aphis, 



T to 12 days later, spray 

 plants with Bordeaux. 



When fruit has set, Bor- 

 deaux and Paris green.* 



If they reappear, repeat, 

 adding Bordeaux for mil- 

 dew . t 



In 10 to 14 days, repeat 

 with both. 



When first leaves are lialf 

 ijrown, Bordeaux and Paris 

 green. 



Repeat at intervals. 



As soon as fruit has set. 

 Bordeaux and Paris 

 green . * 



Within a week after blos- 

 soms fall, Bordeaux and 

 Paris green . 



When fruit has set. P.or- 

 deaux and Paris green. 



When beetles or tlieir 

 larvae appear, Paris green 

 (1 pound to 100 pounds of 

 plaster,) 



When fruit has set, Bor- 

 deaux and Paris green.* 



When new canes are one 

 foot high, spray with Bor- 

 deaux mixture. 



Black spot: Spray plants 

 once a week with weak cop- 

 per sulphate. 



When fruit has set, Bor- 

 deaux* or WEAK copper 

 sulphate solution. 



If disease appears, re- 

 peat* or use weak copper 

 sulphate solution. 



Repeat at intervals of 10 

 to 20 davs, as necessary for 

 blight . ■ 



Within a week after blos- 

 soms have fallen, Bordeaux 

 and Paris Green. 



10 to 14 days later, weak 

 copper sulphate solution. 



If aphides persist, or if 

 worms reappear, use kero- 

 sene emulsion, if plants are 

 not heading. 



Repeat at intervals of a 

 week or ten days until blos- 

 soms open. 



10 to 12 days later, if 

 signs of rot appear, repeat. 



If worms still trouble, 

 pyrethrum or hellebore. t 



10 to 14 days later, sul- 

 phide of potassium on Eng- 

 lish varieties. 



-\s soon as fruit has set, 

 repeat.* 



of 10 to 14 days. 



10 to 12 days later, repeat. 



10 to 12 days later, repeat. 



10 to 12 days later, repeat. 



Repeat whenever neces- 

 sarv. 



10 to 12 dayslater, repeat. 



10 to 14 days later, weak 

 copper sulphatesolution. 



Red spider: Kerosene 

 emulsion to under side of 

 foliage. 



As soon as berries are 

 harvested, Bordeaux (if to 

 be kept longer.) 



If necessary, spray with 

 weak copper sulphate solu- 

 tion. 



Note. — TTse kerosene 

 emulsion, very weak . 



10 to 14 days later, repeat. 



Repeat last, if necessary. 



After heads form, use 

 saltpetre for worms, a tea- 

 spoonful to a gallon of wa- 

 ter; emulsion for aphides. 



While in bloom, spray 

 every week with the dilute 

 copper sulphate .solution. 



10 to 12 days later, copper 

 sulphate solution, weak. 



10 to 14 dayslater, repeat 

 if necessary. 



10 to 14 days later, Bor- 

 deaux mixture, if disease 

 is present . 



in to 12 dayslater, repeat. 



10 to 10 days later, Bor- 

 deaux. 



in to 20 days lator, Bor- 

 deaux, 



When blightcf the leaves 

 is accompanied by rot of 

 the tubers, Bordeaux. 



10 to 20 days later, Bor- 

 deaux. 



When crop is gathered, 

 remove old canes, thin new- 

 ones and spray with Bor- 

 deaux mixture. 



Aphis: Kerosene emul- 

 sion. 



10 to 14 days later, Bor- 

 deaux or weak copper stil* 



phate. 



Repeat it necessary. 



Repeat if necewary. 



If mildew persists after 

 crop is gathered, Bordeaoz, 



If necessary, very weak 

 copper sulphate solutioc 



If rot persists, use ve»y 

 weak copper sulphate solu- 

 tion every 5 to 7 days.t 



10 to 16 days later, Bor- 

 deaux, t 



Weak copper sulphate 

 lutiou, as is necessary. 



, Repeat if necessary. 



Bordeaux or copper sul- 

 phate sol . , as is necessary. 



EXPtAXATIOX. - Whenever an As- 

 terisk (*) is used it cautions against spraying 

 with poisons while the plants are in blossom. 

 A Dagger (t) indicates that there is danger of 

 making an application within three weeks of 

 the time the fruit is to be used as food. 



51 



