HARRISON'S NURSERIES, BERLIN, IVID. i5 



of a meadow? Such an idea, he would at once say. would be preposterous, We will say that 

 J < i n .1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 n t to t ............ I .. ...» ^^ ....... / ^t is not more imi)ossible than the idea ot' rais- 



t NTPvPrnlnnta tree linless vou are will- I ing a thrifty orchard under the same tre.it- 

 : in^tnt«kP?«reofTf jouare Will | ^^^^^^^^ It IS indispensably necessary that the 



i ing to take care out. ^ ground should be ^Ycll cultivated to ohtain 



fine fruit. From the neg'lcct of this arises sa 



much of the dissatisfaction of tree planters. Give to your trees for a few years a cleui 

 mel.ow and fertile soil, and they will bend under copious loads of line fruit, and yield to tlm 

 cultivator his reward. One experiment only is enough to con\lnce anyone of the ad\antaH"o 

 of good culture. Dwarf pears, more than any trees, require a deep, rich soil, iind clean culti- 

 vation, in cultivating, great care should be taken not to injure the trees by rubbing the 

 bark off. The best crops for an orchard are those requiring summer culture— such as po- 

 tatoes, beans, etc. Winter crops are little better than no culture. Rye is decidedly in- 

 jurious if left to seed. 



Pruning. 



We recommend the greatest care and moderation in this operation, believing, as wedo^ 

 that upon the whole there is more injury done by the use of pruning instruments in unskill- 

 ful hands than would result from its entire neglect. Some of the objects sought are to di- 

 minish the tnick growth, to increase the vigor of the branches, to admit light and air, and to 



form a well- shaped top. We are opposed to .TyYT r TTTTTTTT n TTt Vt TTyTVMUTTTTTrTTTTTTTTtTTTTTT^ 



the too comraonpracticeof trimming-^ up tre^s b ..p,.^^ j^bor cometh resf" Nothing 3 



ifJ"r^'}'Ji.ltT^.'^.TV:'^:^^'J 'rZ5.-™«nd E worth ,he.hav,ng is to bo haa for nothing^ J 

 _ ^ '"■ i 



the atmosphere. If a tree be allowed to Luxuii^iiiiiiiiiiiiiij^i^Li^iiii i iiiij.iaiiii H i n3 . 



t It may not seem work to keep up a good j 

 F orchard but it will bring its own reward. A 



stem exposed to the ravages of insects and 

 the deleterous effects of sun and wind, as 

 well as other sudden and extreme changes of 

 the atmosphere. If a tree be allowed to 



branch near the ground, its danger from these ills will be lessened, and it will grow much 

 stronger and faster, bear more fruit, which will be more easily gathered, less liable to be 

 blown down, and we may add. better every way. If watched closely when young and grow- 

 ing, it will never become necessary to take off' large limbs. Occassional pinching or cropping 

 off' of the ends of branches to give the tree proper shape, and removing those that cross or 

 crowd each other, will be all that will be needed by most trees. Peach trees would be great- 

 ly benefited by an annual shortening in of the branches, say one-half of the previous year's 



,,.. growth: this may be done at any time after 



r " ' ' « « ♦ » I ' » ' i ■ ■ MM ""■'■' ■ ' y J the fall of the leaf until the buds commence 



t .^^"".^^ ^i"'^ *r?- as too large and too | swelling in the spring. Dwarf pears also 

 J thick heads are to be avoided. | j-^^^^l careful attention annually, to keep them 



? ♦ »♦♦♦>> « »»«»»»»-M-^^-»» in shape, by cutting back the rampant and 



strao-o-ling shoots; they should be pruned down instead of up, never allowing them to grow 

 high'.'or the top will become too heavy for the roots, and increase the danger |of blowing 

 down. 



Treatment of Trees Coming to Hand out of Season. 



It sometimes happens that trees are received in a frosted state; but if they are properly 

 managed they will not be injured by it. Let the package be put, unopened, in a cellar, or 

 some such place— cool, but free from frost— until it is perfectly thawed, when it can be un- 

 packed, and either planted or placed in a trench until convenient to plant. Trees received 

 in the fall for si)ring planting should at once be unpacked, and a trench dug in a rather, dry, 



sheltered position, when the roots should be ««♦>,..,.,,.. , ♦>».>♦ ♦>■>♦♦♦♦♦«♦♦,«♦..«.«♦ 



well covered. So treated, ttiey will be pre- t Trim and clean up the orchard, gather 

 served without the least inj"!:^ ""^il spi ng. | ^^^ ^^^^^ and burn it. Pick up the 



I f they should come to nand late in the sprinf - t faulty fruit and burn or feed to swine 

 and appear, much dried, plunge the bundle ^ 



into a pool of water, there to remain tor ♦ ♦>»«♦♦♦ » mm »♦♦♦♦♦♦ ♦♦♦♦^■♦■.^♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦^ 



twenty-four hours, or more if very much wilted. After this it should be unpacked, and the 

 roots and half the stems should be buried in soil made quite wet by watering; there let them 

 remain until the bark expands to its natural fullness, when they may be taken up and plantr- 

 ed as before directed, and we will guarantee you a good reward for your labor. 



Distance for Planting. 



standard apples •• : 30 feet each, way 



Standard pears and strong growing cherries ^ ViT-r^ .. ". [, 



Standard plums, apricots, peaches. Nectarines n I- .' 



Dwarf ^ears ..•.•••• • •••.....•.••••••..,. lu to ±4 



Grapes' rows 10 to 16 feet apart 7 to 16 feet in rows.- 



Raspberriesand'biackberries ..„,.3 to 4 by 5 to 7 feet apart. 



Strawberries, for field culture 1 to 4^ by 3 to 3^ feet apart* 



Strawberries, for garden culture • 1 to 2 feet apart. 



Number of trees to an Acre. 



30 feet apart each way 50 



. 70 

 110 



10 feet apart each way 435 



8 " " 684 



6 " " ....1,210 



5 " " 1,742 



4 *' ^' 2,723 



3 " •' 4,840 



RULE —Multiplv the distance in feet between the rows by the distance the plants are 

 auart in the rows and the product will be the number of square feet, lor each plant or hill, 

 which divided into the number of feet in an acre, 43,560, will give the number of trees In an. 



'hich, d 

 acre 



