v4 
to Ichthyophthirius, affects marine’ fish—such as those named 
—when kept in marine aquaria. In fact, Dr. Gilelmey 
found it impossible to keep such fish in certain tanks at St. 
James last spring (1917). 
Regarding Ciliates which attach themselves to the gills of 
fishes during part of their life-cycle, 1 found numbers of a 
Ciliate allied to Tvichodina on the gills of Klip fish (Clinus 
taurus and Clinus superciliosus) and Bamboo fish (Box salpa). 
These parasites, like the last-mentioned ones, are probably 
members of new genera, hitherto undescribed, and are recorded 
from South African fishes for the first time. 
Among the Sporozoa, Haemogregarines have been observed | 
in the red blood corpuscles of fish in different seas. The 
parasites destroy the red blood cells after multiplying in 
them, and thereby produce a certain amount of anaemia in 
the piscine host. The Haemogregarines are transmitted from 
fish to fish by leeches. I have observed Haemogregarines in 
several South African fish, and hope to be in a position to 
observe them further and to describe their structure. 
Coccidia occur in the epithelial lining of the alimentary 
tract of fishes in South Africa, as elsewhere. The parasites. 
multiply in the walls of the intestine, and absorb some of the 
food of the fish as well as destroying some of the epithelium. 
Other interesting Sporozoa, belonging to the Myxosporidia, 
were observed in the gall-bladder and contained bile of the 
Bull Klip fish (Clinus taurus) at St. James. The bile in this 
case was somewhat turbid and paler than normal, being of a 
yellowish colour instead of green. The parasites producing 
this change belonged to the genus Myxidium. The presence 
of such intruding organisms in the digestive juice, bile, 
deranges the digestive processes of the fish, as I was able 
to show when working in Normandy in 1912 in collaboration 
with Dir ese orter, 
Spirochaetes are interesting organisms showing affinities with 
both the Protozoa and the Bacteria, and hence are placed 
among the Protista. They live in and at the expense of the 
vital fluids of the host. I have already found Spirochaetes 
in the biood of young Sand-sharks (Rhinobaius annulatus), 
and in the intestines of certain other South African marine fish. 
These parasites, briefly recorded in this note, are only a few 
of the parasitic Protozoa which might be expected to occur in 
or on South African fish... They .,indicate, the scope; oresam 
investigation which might profitably be undertaken on the 
parasites of the piscine fauna of the sub-continent, an in- 
vestigation, indeed, which should be commenced as soon as 
possible, and in which I should be happy to take part. 
