VALUABLE IN* ORJMATIOIM. 



FUNGICIDES. 



BORDE U X MIXTl'RE. 



Copper Sulphate 6 pounds. 



Quicklime 4 pounds. 



Water 40-50 gallons. 



Dissolve the copper sulphate by putting in a bag of coarse cloth 

 and hanging this in a vessel holding at least 4 gallons, so that it 

 Is just covered bv the water. Use an earthen or wooden vessel. 

 Slack the lime in an equal amount of water. Then mix the two. 

 and add enough water to make 40 gallons. It is then ready for 

 immediate use. but will keep indefinitely. If the mixture is to be 

 used on peach' foliage, it is advisable to use an extra pound of 

 lime to the above formula. XVhen applied to such plants as car- 

 nations or cabbages, it will adhere better if about a pound of 

 hard soap be dissolved in hot water and added to the mixture. 

 For rots, molds, mildews, and all fungous diseases. 



AMMOM VCAL COPPER CARBONATE. 



Copper carbonate 1 ounce. 



Ammonia enough to dissolve the copper. 



Water 9 gallons. 



The copper carbonate is best dissolved in large bottles, where it 

 will keep indefinitelv. and it should be diluted with water as re- 

 quired. For the same purpose as Bordeaux Mixture. 



COPPER SULPHATE SOLUTION. 



Copper Sulphate 1 pound. 



Water 15 gallons. 



Dissolve the copper sulphate in the water, when it is ready for 

 use. This should never be applied to foliage, but must be used 

 before the buds break. For peaches and nectarines, use 25 gal- 

 lons of water. For fungous diseases. 



INSECTICIDES. 



PARIS GREEN. (Arsenites.) 



Paris Green 1 pound. 



Water 200-300 gallons. 



If this mixture is to be used on peach trees, 1 pound of quick- 

 lime should be added. Paris Green and Bordeaux Mixture can be 

 applied together with perfect safety. Use at the rate of 4 ounces 

 of the arsenites to 50 gallons of the mixture. The action of 

 neither is weakened, and the Paris Green loses all caustic prop- 

 erties. For insects which chew. If to be used in our little spray- 

 ers, this solution is too weak. Use the smaller quantity of water. 

 LONDON PURPLE. 

 This is used in the same proportion as Paris Green, but. as it is 

 more caustic, it should be applied with two or three times its 

 weight in lime, or with the Bordeaux Mixture. The composition 

 of London Purple is exceedingly .variable, and unless good rea- 

 sons exist for supposing that it contains as much arsenic as 

 Paris Green, use the latter poison. Do not use London Purple on 

 peach or plum trees, unless considerable lime is added. For in- 

 sects which chew. 



HELLEBORE. 



Fresh White Hellebore 1 ounce. 



Water 2 gallons. 



Apply when thoroughly mixed. This poison is not so energetic 

 as the arsenites. and may be used a short time before the sprayed 

 portions mature. For insects which chew. 



KEROSENE EMULSION. 



Hard Soap y 2 pound. 



Boiling Water 1 gallon. 



Kerosene 2 gallons. 



Dissolve the soap in water, add the kerosene, and churn with a 

 pump for 5 to 10 minutes. Dilute 10 to 25 times before applying. 

 Use strong emulsion for all scale insects. For insects which suck, 

 as plant lice, mealy bugs, red spider, thrips, bark lice, or scale. 

 Cabbage worms, currant worms, and all insects which have soft 

 bodies, can also be successfully treated. 



E1INJ TO SPRAY, 



HOW AND WM 



Plant. 



Ftest Application. 



Second Application. 



Thikd Application. 



Foubth Application. 



Fifth Application. 



Apple.—' Canker worm, 

 codling moth, bad moth, 

 Scab.) 



Bean.— (Anthracnose.) 



Cabbage (Worms, 



aphis.) 



Carnation.— (Rust and 

 other fungous diseases.) 



Cnerry .— (Rot, aphis, cur- 

 culio and slug.) 



Currant.— (Worms, mil- 

 dew.) 



Gooseberry. 



worms.) 



• (Mildew. 



Grape (Flee-beetle, fun- 

 gous diseases.) 



Nursery Stoch.— (Fun- 

 gous diseases.) 



Peach, Aprieo*.— (Leaf- 

 curl, curculio, mildew and 

 rot.) 



Pear. — (Leaf-blight, scab, 

 psylla and codling moth.) 



Plum.— (Black knot, rot 

 and all fungous diseases, 

 curculio. ) 



Potato.— (Beetles, scab , 

 blight.) 



Quince.— (Leaf and fruit 



spot, rot.) 

 Raspberry, Black 



be rr y.— (Anthracnose, 

 rust.) 



Rose.— (Mildew, black 

 spot, red spider, aphis.) 



Strawberry .— <Rust. ) 



Tomato. — (Rot and 

 blight, worms.) 



Violet (Blight, red spi- 

 der.) 



Spray before buds start, 

 using copper sulphate solu- 

 tion. 



When blossoms appear, 

 spray with Bordeaux. 



When worms first ap- 

 pear, kerosene emulsion, or 

 Paris green . 



XVhen planted out, dip in 

 Bordeaux. 



Before buds start, use 

 copper sulphate solution. 

 For aphis, kerosene emul- 

 sion. 



As soon as worms are 

 seen, Paris green. 



As leaves open, Bordeaux 

 and Paris green. 



Before buds burst, copper 

 sulphate solution and Paris 

 green. 



When buds burst, Bor- 

 deaux. 



Before budsswell, copper 

 sulphate solution. 



Before buds start, copper 

 sulphate solution. 



As buds start, copper sul- 

 phate solution. Cut out 

 knot and burn. 



For scab soak seed in 

 corrosive sublimate solu- 

 tion (2oz. in 16 gallons of 

 water for 90 minutes.) 



Before buds start, copper 

 sulphate solution. 



Cut out badly diseased 

 canes. Spray with copper 

 sulphate solution before 

 growth starts. 



Mildew : Keep heating 

 pipes painted with equal 

 parts lime and sulphur 

 mixed with water to a paste 



Just before blossoms 

 open, Bordeaux and Paris 

 green. 



XVhen first fruits have 

 set, Bordeaux. 



When blight is first seen, 

 weak copper sulphate. Ker- 

 osene emulsion for insects. 



After the blossoms have 

 formed, but before they 

 open, Bordeaux and Paris 

 green . * 

 10 days later, repeat. 



If worms or aphides are 

 present, repeat if plants are 

 not heading, using emul- 

 sion for aphis. 



7 to 12 days later, spray 

 plants with Bordeaux. 



When frnit has set, Bor- 

 deaux and Paris green.* 



If they reappear, repeat, 

 adding Bordeaux for mil- 

 dew . t 



In 10 to 14 days, repeat 

 with both. 



When first leaves are half 

 trrown, Bordeaux and Paris 

 green. 



Repeat at intervals. 



As soon as fruit has set. 

 Bordeaux and Paris 

 green.* 



Within a week after blos- 

 soms fall, Bordeaux and 

 Paris green. 



When fruit has set, Bor- 

 deaux and Paris green. 



WTien beetles or their 

 larvae appear, Paris green 

 (1 pound to 100 pounds of 

 plaster.) 



Wben fruit has set. Bor- 

 deaux and Paris green.* 



When new canes are one 

 foot high spray with Bor- 

 deaux mixture. 



Black spot: Spray plants 

 once a week with weak cop- 

 per sulphate. 



When fruit has set, Bor- 

 deaux* or weak copper 

 sulphate solution. 



If disease appears, re- 

 peat* or use weak copper 

 sulphate solution. 



Repeat at intervals of 10 

 to 20 days, as necessary for 

 blight. 



W T ithin a week after blos- 

 soms have fallen, Bordeaux 

 and Paris Green. 



10 to 14 days later, weak 

 copper sulphate solution. 



If aphides persist or if 

 worms reappear, use kero- 

 sene emulsion, if plants are 

 not heading. 



Repeat at intervals of a 

 week or ten days until blos- 

 soms open. 



10 to 12 days later, if 

 signs of rot appear, repeat. 



If worms still trouble, 

 pyrethrum or hellebore, t 



10 to 14 days later, sul- 

 phide of potassium on Eng- 

 lish varieties. 



As soon as fruit has set, 

 repeat.* 



of 10 to 14 days. 



10 to 12 days later, repeat. 



10 to 12 days later, repeat. 



10 to 12 days later, repeat. 



Repeat whenever neces- 

 sary. 



10 tol2dayslater, repeat. 



10 to 14 days later, weak 

 copper sulphate solution. 



Red spider: Kerosene 

 emulsion to under side of 

 foliage. 



As soon as berries are 

 harvested, Bordeaux (if to 

 be kept longer.) 



If necessary, spray with 

 weak copper sulphate solu- 

 tion. 



Note.— Use kerosene 

 emulsion, very weak. 



10 to 14 days later, repeat. 



Repeat last, if necessary. 



After heads form, use 

 saltpetre for worms, a tea- 

 spoonful to a gallon of wa- 

 ter; emulsion for aphides. 



While in bloom, spray 

 every week with the dilute 

 copper sulphate solution. 



10 to 12 days later, copper 

 sulphate solution, weak. 



10 to 14 days later, repeat 

 if necessary. 



10 to 14 days later, Bor- 

 deaux mixture, if disease 

 is present. 



10 to 12 days later, repeat. 



10 to 1G days later, Bor- 

 deaux. 



10 to 20 days later, Bor- 

 deaux. 



When blight of the leaves 

 is accompanied by rot of 

 the tubers. Bordeaux. 



10 to 20 days later, Bor- 

 deaux. 



When crop is gathered, 

 remove old canes, thin new 

 ones and. spray with Bor- 

 deaux mixture. 



Aphis: Kerosene emul- 

 sion. 



10 to 14 days later, Bor- 

 deaux or weak copper «ul» 

 phate. 



Repeat if necessary. 



Repeat if necessary. 



If mildew persists after 

 crop is gathered, Bordeaux. 



If necessary, very weak 

 copper sulphate solution 



If rot persists, use very 

 weak copper sulphate solu- 

 tion every 5 to 7 days.t 



10 to 16 days later, Bor- 

 deaux, t 



Weak copper sulphate so- 

 lution, as is necessary. 



Repeat if necessary. 



Bordeaux or copper sul- 

 phate sol., as Is necessary. 



EXPLANATION. — Whenever an As- 

 terisk (*) is used it cautions against spraying 

 with poisons while the plants are in blossom. 

 A Dagger (t) indicates that there is danger of 

 making an application within three tveeks of 

 the time the fruit is to be used as food. 



