NURSERYMEN— ORCHARD I STS 



Spraying 



Spraying is a vital necessity if money is to be made from fruit. 

 It doesn't pay to miss one season, even if enemies are not visible. 

 Spraying has an invigorating effect on trees, besides controlling 

 enemies. 



There are three classes of enemies spraying will control — 

 chewing insects, sucking insects, and fungi. Each class requires a 

 different remedy, but the remedies can be combined most of the 

 time. 



Spraying during the dormant period is distinctly different from 

 spraying on foliage. Materials several times as strong can be 

 used and are needed to control the scales. 



On account of the life-habits of enemies, often only two to 

 seven days are available for any one spraying. Do the work 

 then. Put the material on with force and cover every inch of 

 bark and leaf. 



Get a sprayer that is big enough, that will give one hundred to 

 two hundred and fifty pounds of air pressure, that is adapted to 

 your land and trees, and that is durable. Get a power outfit, if' 

 possible, for it does better work than a hand-pump can. 



The spraying programme ordinarily resolves itself into two, 

 three or four applications — one while trees are dormant, with 

 lime-sulphur solution, and the others on blossoms and fruit with 

 self-boiled lime-sulphur, or diluted lime-sulphur, with arsenate of 

 lead added, or maybe with Bordeaux and lead. All applications 

 must be guided by careful study. 



Borers will attack fruit trees in spite of all we can do, and will 

 kill many trees if left alone. Trees must be gone over several 

 times each year, and should be gone over each April and August. 

 Spraying and painting with lime-sulphur sediment will help in 

 keeping down the numbers of borers. 



The table of spraying operations (see preceding page) gives all 

 the information needed to keep your trees in prime condition. 

 The main point is to spray at the RIGHT TIME. (We are in- 

 debted to the Maryland State College of Agriculture for this 

 complete table and formulas.) 



FORMULAS FOR SPRAY MIXTURES 



1. CONCENTRATED LIME-SULFUR— Home-Made: 



Best stone lime (at least 95% calcium oxide) 50 lbs. 



Sulfur (any kind finely ground, 98% pure) 100 lbs. 



Water 50 gals. 



Heat 20 gals, of water in an iron vat or by steam in barrels; add 

 stone lime and sulfur gradually. Vigorous action will take place and 

 cold water should be near at hand to be added gradually, to make a 

 total of about 55 gals. Boil for 1 nour. For dormant spraying, dilute 

 at the rate of 1 gal. to 9 gals, of water. For summer spray, dilute 1 

 gal. to 40 gals, of water. 



