ANCIENT WATER LEVELS OF GHAMPLAIN— HUDSON VALLEYS 119 



Roseton terrace. This terrace is composed of coarse gravels 

 dipping south in a cross-bedded structure. There are signs also 

 of inthrusting of drift from ice movement [see pi. 5]. 



Danskammer terrace. The surface of the Danskammer terrace 

 shows some erosion. It is capped with sand. The lower 

 part of the terrace is blue clay. The elevation is about 90 

 feet. The strong contrast in the physical features of the Rose- 

 ton and Danskammer terraces is rather typical of the abrupt 

 horizontal changes met with in successive deposits seen within 

 the gorge. The Roseton terrace can not be attributed to a river 

 pouring into an estuary after the disappearance of the ice. It 

 appears to have formed between the west wall of the river gorge 

 and ice still lying in the district. The southern end of the Dans- 

 kammer terrace immediately north of the Roseton deposit and 

 at the same level points to more open conditions, and presumably 

 is to be correlated with the outwash from the ice at the New 

 Hamburg stage of the ice front [see pi. 5]. 



New Hamburg glacial deposits [see pi. 5]. From Newburg 

 the gorge of the Hudson trends n. n. e. for 6 miles to New Ham- 

 burg on the east bank. Between these two points a few well 

 defined terraces extremely localized occur as at Roseton and near 

 Danskammer light on the west bank with surfaces between 80 

 and 100 feet above sea level. At Carthage Landing, a 20 foot 

 terrace has a marked development. 



At New Hamburg, Wappinger creek falls into the Hudson 

 finding its way thereto through a considerable development of 

 glacial gravels and sands which are well exposed in terraces 

 about the pond at Wappinger falls and in the banks of the 

 stream between that point and the Hudson river. At the vil- 

 lage of New Hamburg these glacial gravels take on the form of 

 a delta terrace deeply dissected by the Wappinger creek, and 

 have a sharply marked ice contact slope on the western and 

 northwestern margin of the deposit. The carriage road leading 

 from the village northeastward to the top of the terrace has this 

 ice contact slope on the right hand till the road surmounts the 

 100 foot contour line; thence the terrace is traceable along the 

 river edge on the left hand, showing clearly that the ice front 

 was at this point on the east side of the river probably crossing 



